Analysis of soliton pattern formation in passively mode-locked fiber lasers

Haboucha, Adil; Leblond, Hervé; Salhi, Mohamed; Komarov, Andrey; Sanchez, François

doi:10.1103/physreva.78.043806

Cited by 110 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In this regime we also observed the classic Q-switching (or gain-switching) [34] operation of the doped fiber pulsed laser, with a recovery time on the order of milliseconds, characteristic of the ytterbium gain relaxation time. In this regime the pump is characterized by an unstable operation, driven by supermode beating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS compatible microring resonator: a route to robust optical frequency comb generation on a chip

Pasquazi¹,

Caspani²,

Peccianti³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

179

110

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Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS compatible microring resonator: a route to robust optical frequency comb generation on a chip Article (Published Version) http://sro.sussex.ac.uk Pasquazi, Alessia, Caspani, Lucia, Peccianti, Marco, Clerici, Matteo, Ferrera, Marcello, Razzari, Luca, Duchesne, David, Little, Brent E, Chu, Sai T, Moss, David J and Morandotti, Roberto (2013) Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS compatible microring resonator: a route to robust optical frequency comb generation on a chip. Optics express, 21 (11). pp. 13333-13341. ISSN 1094-4087 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/49347/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse:Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University.Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. Abstract: We report a novel geometry for OPOs based on nonlinear microcavity resonators. This approach relies on a self-locked scheme that enables OPO emission without the need for thermal locking of the pump laser to the microcavity resonance. By exploiting a CMOS-compatible microring resonator, we achieve oscillation featured by a complete absence of "shutting down", i.e. the self-terminating behavior that is a very common and detrimental occurrence in externally pumped OPOs. Further, our scheme consistently produces very wide bandwidth (>300nm, limited by our experimental set-up) combs that oscillate at a spacing equal to the FSR of the micro cavity resonance. Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS compatible microring resonator: a route to robust optical frequency comb generation on a chip

Pasquazi¹,

Caspani²,

Peccianti³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

179

110

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“…5. The spectrum exhibits a modulation that is characteristic of a constant phase relation between the solitons, thus suggesting that the trains of solitons contain bound states [21], or soliton crystals [22], depending on the number of solitons involved in a given sequence. The spectral period is 0.2 nm, which corresponds to a temporal separation of 41 ps.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soliton distribution in a cavity roundtrip is a direct consequence of these interactions, which can be either repulsive or attractive, depending on time scales and cavity parameters involved. Dominantly attractive interactions are responsible for the formation of bound states, which are composed of identical solitons [21], and whose size culminates in large soliton crystals [22]. Harmonic mode locking (HML) is the consequence of a dominantly repulsive interaction, which was until recently attributed to the gain relaxation dynamics [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating dissipative soliton ensembles in passively mode-locked fiber lasers

Sanchez

Grelu

Leblond

et al. 2014

Optical Fiber Technology

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a b s t r a c tWe review our recent experimental and theoretical results addressing the dynamics of large numbers of solitons interacting in presence of a background in passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber lasers. We first characterize experimentally the soliton rain complex dynamics, and then we focus on ordered soliton patterns. We report that, for suitable experimental parameters, a continuous wave can impose harmonic mode locking. Two levels of modeling for a mode-locked laser subjected to the external injection of a continuous wave are developed to support the latter observation. The first one is based on a scalar master equation, while the second one takes into account the mode-locking mechanism more accurately through a vectorial approach.

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“…This analogy has subsequently been extended to other systems including e.g. single-pass nonlinear fiber systems 20 and the harmonically mode-locked fiber laser 21,22 , where a mechanism of soliton crystallization specific to that laser system was identified that is based on two different timescales of the laser gain medium 23 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Soliton crystals in Kerr resonators

et al. 2017

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Strongly interacting solitons confined to an optical resonator would offer unique capabilities for experiments in communication, computation, and sensing with light. Here we report on the discovery of soliton crystals in monolithic Kerr microresonators-spontaneously and collectively ordered ensembles of co-propagating solitons whose interactions discretize their allowed temporal separations. We unambiguously identify and characterize soliton crystals through analysis of their 'fingerprint' optical spectra, which arise from spectral interference between the solitons. We identify a rich space of soliton crystals exhibiting crystallographic defects, and time-domain measurements directly confirm our inference of their crystal structure. The crystallization we observe is explained by long-range soliton interactions mediated by resonator mode degeneracies, and we probe the qualitative difference between soliton crystals and a soliton liquid that forms in the absence of these interactions. Our work explores the rich physics of monolithic Kerr resonators in a new regime of dense soliton occupation and offers a way to greatly increase the efficiency of Kerr combs; further, the extreme degeneracy of the configuration space of soliton crystals suggests an implementation for a robust on-chip optical buffer.Optical solitons have recently found a new realization in frequency combs generated in passive, monolithic Kerrnonlinear resonators 1 (microcombs). These microcombs are a major step forward in frequency-comb technology 2 because they enable generation of combs in platforms having low size, weight, and power requirements. When a continuous-wave pump laser is coupled into a whispering-gallery mode of a high-Q Kerr resonator, broad optical spectra are generated through cascaded four-wave mixing. With appropriate power and laser-resonator frequency detuning, the resulting fields modelock to form circulating dissipative Kerr-cavity solitons [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . These solitons are pulsed excitations atop a non-zero continuous wave background, and have robust deterministic properties that may be tailored through resonator design 11,12 and tuned in real-time through manipulation of the pump laser. Microcombs based on solitons extend the range of accessible comb repetition rates and provide a route towards chip-integrated self-referenced comb technology.Single solitons and ensembles of several co-propagating solitons have been reported in Kerr resonators constructed from a variety of crystalline and amorphous materials 3-7 , with repetition rates ranging from 22 GHz 6 to 1 THz 7 . Formally equivalent to monolithic Kerr resonators are lower repetition-rate fiber-loop resonators, where generation and control of soliton ensembles has recently been explored experimentally [13][14][15][16] . These experiments were preceded by theoretical studies of soliton interactions and ensembles of solitons in quasi-CW-pumped fiber-ring resonators [17][18][19] , where an analogy between soliton ensembles and the states of matter was introduc...

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Analysis of soliton pattern formation in passively mode-locked fiber lasers

Cited by 110 publications

References 33 publications

Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS compatible microring resonator: a route to robust optical frequency comb generation on a chip

Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a CMOS compatible microring resonator: a route to robust optical frequency comb generation on a chip

Manipulating dissipative soliton ensembles in passively mode-locked fiber lasers

Soliton crystals in Kerr resonators

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