Analysis of Soil Resistivity and its Impact on Grounding Systems Design

Malanda, Sindisiwe C.; Davidson, Innocent E.; Singh, Eddie; Buraimoh, Elutunji

doi:10.1109/powerafrica.2018.8520960

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For MATLAB, the parameters are the software inputs, and the obtained tower footing measured resistance values are the output. Soil resistivity is presumed to have been consistent [4] and to differ in both wet (200 Ω-m) and dry (~1800 Ω-m) circumstances [13]. Table 1 indicates the findings collected from four studies.…”

Section: Tower Footing Resistance-earthing Methods and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning Performance and Economic Analysis of an Overhead 88 kV Power Delivery Network with Enhanced Protective Systems

2020

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Earthing and protective devices such as line surge arrestors (LSAs) play an important role in areas with high lightning occurrence for overhead HVAC lines’ performance. A lightning stroke of high magnitude can lead to back flash-overs, and the resultant power surge on the phase conductor can cause instigate the line breaker operating to extinguish the power surge. This operation of the protective devices leads to consumer interruptions on the network, a loss of production, and negatively affects the economy. Studies have shown that reducing an earthing system’s values, which itself is costly, may not be sufficient to prevent back flashover and the associated customer production cost loss. A code was developed to determine the possibility of back flashover and the cost of various earthing schemes utilizing the MATLAB software analysis tool. This paper determines the possibility of a back flashover for various combinations of lightning strokes and earthing profiles. Tower Footing Resistances as low as 9.8 Ω can cause back flashover, provided the lightning stroke exceeds 12 kA. Furthermore, the paper presents and discusses an innovative hybrid power line protection scheme, which estimates and considers the high cost associated with establishing an earthing system; it examines the impracticality of re-engineering an earthing scheme for implementation and results obtained by the inclusion of lightning surge arrester’s (LSA). The cost-saving resulting from dips is also established over 25 years for an 88 kV line, and the breakeven point is established. The results showed that the best scenario would be to reduce the tower footing resistance to 29.1 Ω and install 11 LSA per phase.

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Section: Tower Footing Resistance-earthing Methods and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning Performance and Economic Analysis of an Overhead 88 kV Power Delivery Network with Enhanced Protective Systems

2020

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“…During the earthing system design, soil conductivity was one of the elements that received special attention, since it has an important influence on earth resistance value [16,17]. In practice, earth resistance is roughly inversely proportional to soil conductivity.…”

Section: Soil Conductivity Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We can confirm that resistance decreases with the increase of the number of vertical electrodes. However, the tendency shows that a saturation is expected when the number of electrodes is very high, because the shielding effect increases [27,28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Electromagnetic Field Analysis to Minimize the Earth Resistance on High Resistivity Soils

Peñacoba¹,

García²,

Vilchez³

et al. 2020

PIER M

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Different optimization strategies to reduce the earth resistance in a high resistivity soil are discussed in this work and illustrated with a practical example. Finite Element simulations reproducing real-world conditions in terms of structure design and soil profiles have been made to evaluate the improvements that should be adopted to minimize earth resistance. We analyze an example of an earthing system of an array of four identical telescopes installed on high resistivity (kΩ• m order) soils with two different behaviors. In the first one, current dissipation occurs in an uniform soil. In the second one, a terrain with four layers of different resistivities is considered. This situation corresponds to a real world case of an observatory constructed in a volcanic terrain. It was found that the best strategy in each case differs: extend horizontal electrodes as far as possible from the foundation in the first case and combine these electrodes with buried vertical electrodes that connect with deep high conductive layers in the second. The results are discussed in terms of the achieved improvements depending on the modifications introduced in the main structure.

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“…Praktikum ini bertujuan untuk mengukur resistivitas tanah, umumnya tanah tidak homogen, dan resistivitasnya bervariasi menurut kedalaman: Salman et al (2017). Tanah yang memiliki resistivitas rendah baik untuk perancangan sistem grounding: Malanda et al (2018). Resistivitas tanah bervariasi dengan kedalaman, lapisan bawah tanah memiliki kadar air yang lebih besar dan resistivitas yang lebih rendah.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Analysis of Do-it-Yourself (DIY) Electrode for Soil Resistivity Measurement Practical of Geology and Geophysics Subject at Earth and Outerspace Laboratory

Asmoro

Susanti

2020

j. manage. lab. technol.

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This study describes the process of designing, manufacturing and the performance of Do It Yourself (DIY) electrodes for Soil Resitivity Measurement (SRM) practicum in the Geophysical Geology course. The aim is to produce electrodes that can be used with the Geo Tester tool from the Fluke 1623. The method used was the Research and Development method. the required electrode had been analyzed prior to the idea of making make your own electrode was created. The electrodes were designed in such a way as to consider the level of accuracy, convenience, safety and economics. The results showed that the DIY electrode was made well, the limited trial of data collection using the Schlumberger and Wenner configuration methods resulted in data error values of 2.43% and 4.1%, respectively. The results were much smaller than the accepted minimum error threshold, namely 20%. The validation results from DIY electrode users (Data Collection Team) and Earth Physicist lecturers gave an average rating of 3.8 out of a scale 4. Thus, DIY eceltrodes can be used in practical for Geophysical Geology lectures in the Earth and Space Laboratory

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Analysis of Soil Resistivity and its Impact on Grounding Systems Design

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Lightning Performance and Economic Analysis of an Overhead 88 kV Power Delivery Network with Enhanced Protective Systems

Lightning Performance and Economic Analysis of an Overhead 88 kV Power Delivery Network with Enhanced Protective Systems

Applying Electromagnetic Field Analysis to Minimize the Earth Resistance on High Resistivity Soils

Analysis of Do-it-Yourself (DIY) Electrode for Soil Resistivity Measurement Practical of Geology and Geophysics Subject at Earth and Outerspace Laboratory

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