Analysis of separate and combined effects of heavy metals on the growth of Aporrectodea caliginosa (Oligochaeta; Annelida), using the toxic unit approach

Khalil, Mohamed A.; Abdel-Lateif, Hala M.; Bayoumi, Bayoumi M.; Straalen, Nico M. van

doi:10.1016/s0929-1393(96)00115-1

Cited by 83 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The effects of combined pollution have been classified into three types, namely, additive, synergistic, and antagonistic effects (Khalil et al 1996). The combined effects of the binary mixtures tested produced all three types of interactions, and the results are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Phytotoxic Effects Of Combined Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and combined phytotoxic effects of cadmium, lead and arsenic on soybean in Phaeozem

Luan¹,

Cao²,

Yan³

2008

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute laboratory toxicity tests were carried out to assess the individual and combined toxic effects of metals including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and the metalloid arsenic (As) in Phaeozem on the seed germination and seedling growth of soybean, Glycine max. Seeds were exposed to varied concentrations of Cd, Pb and As individually and in mixtures including Cd + Pb, Cd + As, Pb + As and Cd + Pb + As. The sum of toxic units (TU) for medium effective concentration of the mixture (EC 50mix ) was calculated based on the dose (TU-based)-response relationship using the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. Binary metal combinations of Cd + Pb, Cd + As and Pb + As produced additive, synergistic and antagonistic effects, respectively, on shoot growth and synergistic, synergistic and antagonistic effects on root growth. Ternary combination of Cd + Pb + As had a synergistic effect on shoot growth and an additive effect on root growth. Bioaccumulation of metals was observed in soybean and inhibited or enhanced bioaccumulations of individual metals were found in mixtures due to different combinations of metals.

show abstract

Section: Phytotoxic Effects Of Combined Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and combined phytotoxic effects of cadmium, lead and arsenic on soybean in Phaeozem

Luan¹,

Cao²,

Yan³

2008

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The limited studies carried out by author, and others indicate that the type of oil, soil and species of earthworm all influence the quantity of oil that can be tolerated in soil. [29][30] Future investigations need to be done to determine the toxicity of oil-contaminated soil on juvenile Lumbriscus terrestris and effects on reproduction. In addition, the influence of metals on earthworm needs to be addressed too.…”

Section: Impacts Of Ecological Factors On Earthworms Survivabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Role of Earthworms in Bioremediation of Motor Oil

Hanna¹,

Osborne-Lee²,

Ahlinvide³

2017

ECB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study focuses on the bioremediation of soil contaminated with motor oil. Laboratory investigations were conducted to determine the ability of macro-organism's (i.e., earthworms) survival in soil contaminated with motor oil, and the role of macro-organisms in the contaminated soil (i.e., exposure to high toxicity in the soil). The soil was contaminated with two types of car motor oil, one with used motor oil from cars and the second was the pure car motor oil (i.e. was not used prior) in different concentrations [0% (i.e. control), 1 %, 3 %, 5 % and 10 % by weight contamination]. The soil parameters such as soil moisture %, carbon %, nitrogen %, pH, Eh, organic matter (OM) % and C/N ratio, were measured before and after contamination. Water content was maintained during incubation by making additions as determined from reweighed containers. Four worms (Lumbricus terrestris) were inoculated in each jar of the experiments. The length of the experiments was 30 days. The data of earthworms' survivability were measured each day. Motor oil content between 1-5 % was not harmful to the survival of earthworms for 30 days but oil concentration of 10 %, increased mortality rate by 75 % in pure motor oil and 45 % in used motor oil. Further, there was a significant difference in survivability of earthworms in used and pure motor oil. Used motor oil can support the survivability of earthworms better than pure (i.e. unused motor oil) motor oil. The properties of the soil at the end of the experiment showed an average reduction of 5 % carbon content, which indicated that the earthworms could consume the organic carbon with the support of micro-organisms in their digestive system. It was concluded that macro-organisms could be used for soil cleanup and restoration but that, Soil contamination of motor oil above 5 % might not allow for a similar process.

show abstract

“…They concluded that the toxic effects of metals were less severe in field soils (Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1995). It should be noted that simultaneous exposure to several metals can also lead to antagonistic, not necessarily to additive or synergistic effects, as observed by Khalil et al (1996).…”

Section: Earthworm Adult Survival and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies investigated the effects of metals on earthworms in terms of mortality (Neuhauser et al, 1985;Fitzpatrick et al, 1996;Spurgeon et al, 1994Spurgeon et al, , 2000, loss of weight (e.g. Khalil et al, 1996;Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1996;Maboeta et al, 2004), cocoon production (e.g. Ma, 1988;Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1996), cocoon viability (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Earthworms Eisenia fetida affect the uptake of heavy metals by plants Vicia faba and Zea mays in metal-contaminated soils

Lemtiri

Liénard

Alabi

et al. 2016

Applied Soil Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C TEarthworms increase the availability of heavy metals in some situations and aid in maintaining the structure and quality of soil. The introduction of earthworms into metal-contaminated soils has been suggested as an aid for phytoremediation processes. In Wallonia, Belgium, a century of industrial metallurgic activities has led to the substantial pollution of soils by heavy metals, including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), due to atmospheric dusts. Two plant species, Vicia faba and Zea mays, and earthworms (Eisenia fetida) (Savigny, 1826) were exposed to different concentrations of longterm-contaminated soils for 42 days. The soil samples, which were collected from the land surrounding a former Zn-Pb ore-treatment plant, exhibited different levels of heavy metals. Our aim was to evaluate the role of earthworms E. fetida on the availability of metals in soils and their effects on metal uptake by V. faba and Z. mays plants at different soil concentrations.The results suggest that earthworms and plants modified the availability of metals in contaminated soils after 42 days of exposure. Earthworm life-cycle parameters were affected by metal contamination and/or the addition of plants; cocoon production and weight were more responsive to adverse conditions than earthworm survival or weight change. The concentrations of Pb and Cd in earthworm tissues decreased in the presence of plants. Results showed that metal accumulation in plants depended on the metal element considered and the presence of earthworms. However, the presence of earthworms did not change the concentrations of metals in plants, except for Cd. In the presence or absence of earthworms, V. faba accumulated higher concentrations of Cu and Zn compared with Z. mays, which accumulated higher concentrations of Cd. These findings have revealed that earthworm activities can modify the availability of heavy metals for uptake by plants in contaminated soils. Moreover, the study results show that the ecological context of phytoremediation should be broadened by considering earthworm-plant-soil interaction, which influence both the health of the plant and the uptake of heavy metals by plants.

show abstract

Analysis of separate and combined effects of heavy metals on the growth of Aporrectodea caliginosa (Oligochaeta; Annelida), using the toxic unit approach

Cited by 83 publications

References 24 publications

Individual and combined phytotoxic effects of cadmium, lead and arsenic on soybean in Phaeozem

Individual and combined phytotoxic effects of cadmium, lead and arsenic on soybean in Phaeozem

Studies on the Role of Earthworms in Bioremediation of Motor Oil

Earthworms Eisenia fetida affect the uptake of heavy metals by plants Vicia faba and Zea mays in metal-contaminated soils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About