Analysis of seasonal and annual rainfall trends in the northern region of Bangladesh

Bari, Sheikh Hefzul; Rahman, Mohd Tadza Abdul; Hoque, Muhammad Azizul; Hussain, Md. Manjurul

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.02.008

Cited by 140 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These non-parametric procedures are not based on assumptions about the underlying distribution, are less sensitive to statistical outliers, and are commonly used in climate research (e.g. Webster et al, 2005;Kunkel et al, 2013;Romanić et al, 2015;Araghi et al, 2016;Bari et al, 2016;Moore, 2017). The Mann-Kendall test, however, does assume that data in a series are not autocorrelated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual and seasonal tornado trends in the contiguous United States and its regions

Moore

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The numbers of E(F)1+ tornadoes per year generally declined in all regions of the United States, except the Southeast, where they increased in frequency. The South Great Plains had the greatest median tornado frequency early in the study period whereas the Southeast had the greatest in the middle and late periods. The proportion of tornadoes occurring in the contiguous United States in summer are decreasing whereas the proportion occurring in fall are increasing. Annual tornado frequency in the (a) West, (b) North Great Plains, (c) South Great Plains, (d) Midwest, (e) Southeast, and (f) Northeast regions. The dashed line is the Theil–Sen slope estimate and the solid line is the local polynomial regression curve with a smoothing span of 0.66.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual and seasonal tornado trends in the contiguous United States and its regions

Moore

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Both these factors hindered recharge to the aquifers, and consequently, contributed to the declining trend of the annual minimum depth of GWTs obtained in the wet season. Also, both the monsoon rainfall and annual total rainfall in the region have been experiencing a decreasing trend for most of the districts in the NW region [35], making the available water for recharging the aquifers limited. The average annual rainfalls (n = 21) of Bogra, Dinajpur, Ishurdi, Rajshahi, Rangpur, and Sayedpur stations in the NW region are 1759, 2012, 1466, 1428, 2262, and 2118 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Groundwater Replenishment Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Table Trend—A Sustainability Status of Groundwater Development in North-West Bangladesh

Mojid

Parvez

Mainuddin

et al. 2019

Water

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Historical trends of the annual maximum and minimum depths of groundwater tables (GWTs) that are indicative of sustainability status of groundwater resources still remain inadequately studied in the North-West (NW) hydrological region of Bangladesh. This study aimed at evaluating long-term trends of GWTs of 350 monitoring wells and their impacts on groundwater development status in that region. The trends of the annual maximum and minimum depths of GWTs were determined and evaluated by using MAKESENS trend model. The functionality of suction-mode pumps was identified based on the annual maximum depth of GWTs. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) falling trend of the annual maximum depths of GWTs in 65.71% of the monitoring wells revealed continuous increase in groundwater abstraction. A significant falling trend of the annual minimum depths of GWTs in 69.71% of the monitoring wells revealed groundwater mining. GWTs remained below the suction limit (≈6 m) for 3 to 6 months in each year in 59.72% of the monitoring wells and for the whole year in 15.14% of the monitoring wells, making suction-mode pumps inoperable and creating domestic water scarcity. Therefore, groundwater extraction in many locations has become unsustainable, and hence, measures such as artificial recharge to the aquifers and water-saving technologies are needed to prevent groundwater mining.2 of 15 usages, especially for irrigation. Irrigated crop fields also contribute to groundwater recharge; especially, for shallow aquifers much of the irrigation water returns to aquifer [7]. Prior to widespread abstraction of groundwater from the mid-1980s and onwards, water tables in the mostly unconfined aquifers of Bangladesh were generally shallow with a weak seasonal fluctuating trend. After the monsoon period, groundwater tables were near, or in some places, very close to the ground surface. At the end of the dry season, GWTs receded, mainly due to evapotranspiration and inter-basin flow out of the aquifers. Much of the potential recharge from rainfall and flooding in the monsoon period was rejected due to the limited storage capacity of the aquifers. However, with increasing abstraction of groundwater, GWTs fall at a greater rate during the dry season, when pumping for various usages and base flow to the rivers deplete the aquifers. The deepest GWTs are now found from April to mid-May and the shallowest GWTs are found in November [8].Most parts of the NW region of the country are flood-free zones and the main source of groundwater recharge is rainfall, which is also the lowest in this region. Moreover, the expanding presence of plough pans due to the increasing practice of conservation agriculture, and especially, the thick sticky clay surface (6.10−21.34 m) of the Barind Tract act as aquitards and hinder groundwater recharge by increasing surface runoff. As a result, groundwater use in the Barind area has exceeded recharge and GWTs have been successively falling over the years, with increasing withdrawal of groundwater for irrigation [8,9]. Rajshahi, Pabna, Bogu...

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“…Rainfall seasonality and variability over the northern part of South Asian country Bangladesh was analysed for the period 1964–2013 by Bari et al . (). Guhathakurta and Saji () calculated the SI over the Maharashtra state of India and found that there is great variation in the index over different regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in rainfall seasonality pattern over India

Rai

Dimri

2019

Meteorological Applications

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Rainfall seasonality over India is studied using an individual seasonality index. The spatial distribution of the individual seasonality index and the mean individual seasonality index over two periods, that is, early (1901–1970) and recent (1971–2015), is analysed. Trend analysis using linear regression during these two periods shows a declining trend in seasonality index (i.e. decreasing values of the index), which impends shorter dry periods resulting in more consistent rainfall throughout the year in some parts of India during the recent period (1971–2015).

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Analysis of seasonal and annual rainfall trends in the northern region of Bangladesh

Cited by 140 publications

References 43 publications

Annual and seasonal tornado trends in the contiguous United States and its regions

Annual and seasonal tornado trends in the contiguous United States and its regions

Water Table Trend—A Sustainability Status of Groundwater Development in North-West Bangladesh

Changes in rainfall seasonality pattern over India

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