Analysis of safety benefits and security concerns from the use of autonomous vehicles: A grouped random parameters bivariate probit approach with heterogeneity in means

Ahmed, Sheikh Shahriar; Pantangi, Sarvani Sonduru; Eker, Ugur; Fountas, Grigorios; Still, Stephen E.; Anastasopoulos, Panagiotis Ch.

doi:10.1016/j.amar.2020.100134

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…While air mobility technology is still in a nascent stage of development, recent studies suggest that the UAM concept is replete with opportunities, including the harnessing connectivity and automation, that could profoundly impact the transportation systems of tomorrow (Ahmed et al, 2020a;Eker et al, 2020;Straubinger et al, 2020). Finally, it must be mentioned that, while vehicle connectivity can potentially enhance and help prepare traditional transportation systems for the inevitable era of autonomous vehicles, such benefits may be realized only when appropriate legislative initiatives and policies are established to address public concerns and perceptions regarding such emerging technologies (Kim et al, 2019;Ahmed et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Connectivity and Automation: A Sibling Relationship

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Built Environ.

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The evolution of scientific advances has often been characterized by the amalgamation of two or more technologies. With respect to vehicle connectivity and automation, recent literature suggests that these two emerging transportation technologies can and will jointly and profoundly shape the future of transportation. However, it is not certain how the individual and synergistic benefits to be earned from these technologies is related to their prevailing levels of development. As such, it may be considered useful to revisit the primary concepts of automation and connectivity, and to identify any current and expected future synergies between them. Doing this can help generate knowledge that could be used to justify investments related to transportation systems connectivity and automation. In this discussion paper, we attempt to address some of these issues. The paper first reviews the technological concepts of systems automation and systems connectivity, and how they prospectively, from an individual and collective perspective, impact road transportation efficiency and safety. The paper also discusses the separate and common benefits of connectivity and automation, and their possible holistic effects in terms of these benefits where they overlap. The paper suggests that at the current time, the sibling relationship seems to be lopsided: vehicle connectivity has immense potential to enhance vehicle automation. Automation, on the other hand, may not significantly promote vehicle connectivity directly, at least not in the short term but possibly in the long term. The paper argues that future trends regarding market adoption of these two technologies and their relative pace of advancement or regulation, will shape the future synergies between them.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Connectivity and Automation: A Sibling Relationship

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Built Environ.

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“…e parameter estimations under equation (3) can account for individual-specific variations on the violation probabilities. e importance of accounting for the unobserved heterogeneity across observations in the analysis of vehicle violation and crash data has been underscored in many existing studies [3,9,11,34,35]. In this study, this RPL model was fitted while considering the normal, uniform, and lognormal distributions of the random parameters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ese distributions may allow for individual-level variations of the effects of X on the resultant injury severity as opposed to a single β i on behalf of the entire sample population, which accounts for the influence of these unobserved variables. In instances where β is allowed to vary, some elements of the vector β may be fixed and some may be randomly distributed, such as gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors [34,35].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Contributing Factors to Traffic Crashes and Violations: A Random Parameter Multinomial Logit Approach

Lee

Mao

et al. 2021

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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This study investigates contributing factors to traffic violations by seriousness. The traffic violations are divided into four categories by seriousness (unintentional violation, minor violation, serious violation, and crash with violation). The results of the random parameter multinomial logit model indicate that various factors potentially affect the severity of traffic violations. The key findings include the following: (1) female drivers are more likely to commit minor violations; (2) drivers from an area with a longer travel time to work and a higher proportion of driving to work are more likely to have minor violations and serious violations, while those from the high-income area are less likely; (3) drivers are more likely to be associated with a more minor infraction during the afternoon peak (4 p.m.–6 p.m.). The results from this study are expected to be beneficial for policymakers and traffic police to comprehend the factors affecting violations and implement effective strategies to minimize the number and seriousness of traffic violations.

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“…The FV's safety function SF FV (t) depends on the gap between the EGO and the FV and is denoted by Equation (2). In order to convert the function to the range [−1; 1], 0.5 is subtracted from the cumulative distribution function and then the result is multiplied by 2.…”

Section: Safety Payoff Function Of Fvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point in time, numerous studies have proven the effectiveness of autonomous vehicles in dealing with challenges such as road safety, fuel consumption, sustainability, etc. [ 1 , 2 ]. Considering the scientific achievements so far, it is difficult to imagine a future where autonomous vehicles will not be used in transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Game Theory-Based Approach for Modeling Autonomous Vehicle Behavior in Congested, Urban Lane-Changing Scenarios

Smirnov

Liu

Validi

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Autonomous vehicles are expected to display human-like behavior, at least to the extent that their decisions can be intuitively understood by other road users. If this is not the case, the coexistence of manual and autonomous vehicles in a mixed environment might affect road user interactions negatively and might jeopardize road safety. To this end, it is highly important to design algorithms that are capable of analyzing human decision-making processes and of reproducing them. In this context, lane-change maneuvers have been studied extensively. However, not all potential scenarios have been considered, since most works have focused on highway rather than urban scenarios. We contribute to the field of research by investigating a particular urban traffic scenario in which an autonomous vehicle needs to determine the level of cooperation of the vehicles in the adjacent lane in order to proceed with a lane change. To this end, we present a game theory-based decision-making model for lane changing in congested urban intersections. The model takes as input driving-related parameters related to vehicles in the intersection before they come to a complete stop. We validated the model by relying on the Co-AutoSim simulator. We compared the prediction model outcomes with actual participant decisions, i.e., whether they allowed the autonomous vehicle to drive in front of them. The results are promising, with the prediction accuracy being 100% in all of the cases in which the participants allowed the lane change and 83.3% in the other cases. The false predictions were due to delays in resuming driving after the traffic light turned green.

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Analysis of safety benefits and security concerns from the use of autonomous vehicles: A grouped random parameters bivariate probit approach with heterogeneity in means

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

Vehicle Connectivity and Automation: A Sibling Relationship

Vehicle Connectivity and Automation: A Sibling Relationship

Investigation of Contributing Factors to Traffic Crashes and Violations: A Random Parameter Multinomial Logit Approach

A Game Theory-Based Approach for Modeling Autonomous Vehicle Behavior in Congested, Urban Lane-Changing Scenarios

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