Analysis of risk factors for tuberculous infection following exposure at a homeless shelter

Munn, Meaghan S.; Duchin, Jeff; Kay, Meagan; Pecha, Monica; Thibault, Christina; Narita, Michiko

doi:10.5588/ijtld.14.0648

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Contacts of the patient are the very susceptible to infection [16] so, education of patient family for proper home ventilation, avoidance of direct exposure to patients' air droplets on coughing and disinfection methods is essential [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Primary Health Care service participation in the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt

Elsayed

Salahy

Hibah

et al. 2015

Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis

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Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the Primary Health Care service performance in National Tuberculosis Control Program in Qalyubia Governorate.Methods: The studied area (Qalyubia Governorate) includes 8 health territories (each contains 5 primary care units/centers).A questionnaire based on 6 parameters was used to evaluate the PHC system performance: IPhysicians with basic knowledge about TB (causative agent, methods of spread, clinical picture, essential steps in investigations: X-ray and sputum smear), II -Facilities for primary investigation (sputum examination and chest X-ray), III -Communication with the central health authorities or a TB specialist, IV -Proper recording systems needed for proper patient management and follow up, V -Follow up schedules are available for the detected patients, VI -Have a role in community education about the disease. The data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results: Studied area included 8 health territories and 40 primary care units (35% were urban and 65% rural) with one physician in each unit. The mean percent of the correct answers of the basic knowledge score was 48.2% (range = 18%-100%), higher in urban units physicians than rural units physicians, with lack of proper laboratory (for sputum analysis) or X-ray apparatus. Communication with central health authorities in urban areas was higher than rural areas (65.4% versus 57.1%). Case recording was lower in urban than rural areas (42.9% versus 46.2%). Patient follow up after referral to central health units was higher in rural than urban areas (11.5% versus 7.1%). Participation of community education was 78.6% in urban units and 76.9% in rural units.q This work was primarily carried out in: Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Primary Health Care service participation in the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt

Elsayed

Salahy

Hibah

et al. 2015

Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis

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“…The most frequent risk factors, for both groups, identified in this study are similar to the ones described in the literature. 10,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]31,35 In patients with PTB, being a smoker was associated with an increased risk to acquire TB. In many studies active and passive smoking was found to be associated with TB infection/ disease, severity of disease, necessity of retreatment and mortality.…”

Section: -7mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, they should be adequately monitored to achieve earlier diagnoses of TB. 31,34,35,48 Immunosuppression is another risk factor to take in account. Infection by HIV, use of immunosuppressive therapy and presence of cancer, all are related with an increased development of TB.…”

Section: -7mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 Some patients have characteristics that put them at risk of acquiring TB. 1,8 Some factors recognized as risk factors for TB are smoking [19][20] , presence of any immunosuppression status (use of immunosuppressive drugs, cancer or HIV infection) 10,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] , younger or older age 28,29 , migrant status [30][31][32] , inmate status 31,33 , homelessness or institutionalization 31,34,35 , close contact with TB-infected patients 36,37 , drug use 38 , alcoholism 39 , malnutrition 40 , diabetes [41][42] and other chronic comorbidities [43][44][45] . Obesity 46 and female gender 47 seem to reduce the risk of acquiring TB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuberculosis in a Portuguese Cohort

Guerra-Maio¹,

Coutinho²,

Nunes³

et al. 2017

Gal. Clin.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a multisystemic disease and a leading cause of infectious disease-related mortality worldwide. Objectives: This study aims to characterize patients with TB in a portuguese cohort. Methods: Retrospective analysis of files pertaining inpatients with TB admitted between 1/2005 -12/2014. Data were analysed using χ2 or Fisher exact test (p<0.005 = statistically significant) and odds ratio was calculated. Results: 222 cases were found: 128 patients had pulmonary involvement (PTB) and 100 extrapulmonary disease (ETB) (6 had overlapping disease), with men being mostly affected. The most common locations of ETB were lymphatic (27.0%), meningeal and osteoarticular (both 19.0%). The majority exhibited risk factors (64.0%, p<0.005). PTB was associated with smoking (p=0.000, OR=5.05) and contact with TB-infected person (p=0.002, OR=7.53). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (p=0.000, OR=5.16) and age > 65 (p=0.005, OR=3.34) were associated with ETB. 48 patients were HIV-infected, with median CD4 count of 74.5 cells/µL (13-136), most cases occurring in the setting of new HIV diagnosis. HIV infection was statistically associated with disseminated (OR=12.64), pleural (OR=8.50), meningeal (OR=2.96) and lymphatic TB (OR=2.38). HIV negativity was associated with pulmonary (OR=4.08) and osteoarticular disease (OR=5.42). PTB was confirmed mainly by culture or PCR test plus smear (81.3%). ETB diagnosis was more complex. Clinical outcome was favourable (PTB 98.4%; ETB 94.0%). Eight patients died. Conclusions: TB remains an important healthcare issue in Portugal. Contact with TB-infected person and smoking (PTB) and HIV infection and age > 65 (ETB), were significant risk factors. HIV infection was associated with disseminated, pleural, meningeal and lymphatic disease.

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“…In the absence of readily available information about a person's susceptibility, duration of exposure to an infectious person has been used to prioritize contacts. Although this benchmark for exposure is linked to risk for transmission (7,8), the measure is not well defined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Public Health Response to Tuberculosis Outbreak among Persons Experiencing Homelessness, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 2017–2018

Tibbetts¹,

Ottoson²,

Tsukayama³

2020

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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I n 2017, a total of 9,093 new cases of active tuberculosis (TB) were reported in the United States, and ≈4.5% of these occurred in persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) in the year preceding their diagnosis (1). The incidence of TB in PEH populations is >10 times that of the general population (i.e., 36-47 vs. 2.8 cases/100,000 population during 2006-2010) (2) because risk factors, such as HIV infection, mental illness, substance abuse, and barriers to accessing healthcare, put them at higher risk. In addition, PEH often use homeless shelters, and congregate in

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Analysis of risk factors for tuberculous infection following exposure at a homeless shelter

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Primary Health Care service participation in the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt

Evaluation of Primary Health Care service participation in the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt

Tuberculosis in a Portuguese Cohort

Public Health Response to Tuberculosis Outbreak among Persons Experiencing Homelessness, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 2017–2018

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