Analysis of risk factors associated with nosocomial bacteraemias

Rojo, D. Carranza; Pinedo, A. Bodas; Clavijo, Encarnación; Garcı́a-Rodrı́guez, A.; García, V. Velasco

doi:10.1053/jhin.1998.0543

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…All species isolated in the present study are in accordance with those reported in previous studies (4,12,15,18,24,25,27,30).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Hospital-acquired infections (HI) in newborns are a serious problem in hospital units (25), and their prevention has been considered a priority by health professionals (15). Neonatal intensive care units (NICU) are classified as target areas in epidemiological vigilance models, due to the high risk conditions associated with newborns held in these facilities (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technological advances in the treatment of newborns hospitalized in NICU have permitted the survival of premature babies (5,8), although treatment commonly involves invasive procedures such as: ventilatory assistance, catheters, blood transfusions, tracheal entubations, parenteral nutrition, and other factors which significantly increase the risk of infection for such patients (3,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sepsis increases the length of time spent in the hospital, and incurs costs relating to the involvement of clinical staff, antimicrobial drugs, laboratory tests and other factors depending on the treatment employed (2,24,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although high, the mortality rate associated with sepsis is extremely variable ranging from 12% to 81%, depending on the population and etiologic agent studied (18,25). The incidence of sepsis varies in accordance with the characteristics of the hospital and of the patients treated, as well as the type and duration of the invasive procedures used during treatment (7,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of multi-drug resistant microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized newborns in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil

Loureiro¹,

Moraes²,

Quadra³

et al. 2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The aims of this study were to determine the frequency and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microorganisms associated with sepsis cases in a public maternity hospital, and to analyze the main demographic data relating to these infected neonates over a two year period. We analyzed 255 positive blood cultures and the medical records of newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the Hospital Maternidade Alexander Fleming II, Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, from July 1997 to July 1999. Identification and antibiograms of the isolated strains were performed according to routine laboratory procedures. Demographics and microbiological data were analyzed using the Epi-Info program. The mean age of the newborns was 13.1 days, with an average of 1.2 strains isolated per patient. Antibiotics were administered to 207 (83.1%) patients before positive blood culture presentation. A total of 90.8% patients were premature; 83.9% had a gestational age of less than 36 weeks; 52.6% presented very low birth weight; 39.8% had asphyxia and 33.3% presented hyaline membrane disease. A total of 301 microorganisms were isolated with a predominance of Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.9%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (17.3%), Serratia marcescens (15.9%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.6%). Gram-negative strains showed high resistance levels to cephalosporins and aminoglycosides. A total of 93.3% Staphylococcus aureus strains were methicillin-resistant. The newborns examined in this study presented several risk factors for acquiring hospital infection and the isolated microorganisms showed high levels of resistance to the majority of the antibiotics routinely used in the hospital.

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“…All species isolated in the present study are in accordance with those reported in previous studies (4,12,15,18,24,25,27,30).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Study of multi-drug resistant microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized newborns in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil

Loureiro¹,

Moraes²,

Quadra³

et al. 2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Nosocomial Infections

Mota

Edberg

2003

Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology

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Definitions Incidence Historical Background and Trends in Microbiology of Nosocomial Infections Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections Special Patients and Nosocomial Infections Prognosis Environment and Nosocomial Infections Prevention and Control Measures

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Correcting for bias when estimating the cost of hospital-acquired infection: an analysis of lower respiratory tract infections in non-surgical patients

Graves¹,

Weinhold²,

Roberts³

2005

Health Econ.

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Hospital acquired infections (HAI) are costly but many are avoidable. Evaluating prevention programmes requires data on their costs and benefits. Estimating the actual costs of HAI (a measure of the cost savings due to prevention) is difficult as HAI changes cost by extending patient length of stay, yet, length of stay is a major risk factor for HAI. This endogeneity bias can confound attempts to measure accurately the cost of HAI. We propose a two-stage instrumental variables estimation strategy that explicitly controls for the endogeneity between risk of HAI and length of stay. We find that a 10% reduction in ex ante risk of HAI results in an expected savings of pound 693 ($ US 984).

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Analysis of risk factors associated with nosocomial bacteraemias

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Study of multi-drug resistant microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized newborns in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil

Study of multi-drug resistant microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized newborns in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil

Nosocomial Infections

Correcting for bias when estimating the cost of hospital-acquired infection: an analysis of lower respiratory tract infections in non-surgical patients

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