Analysis of residual saliva and minor salivary gland secretions in patients with dry mouth

Lee, Sun-Kyung; Lee, Sung‐Woo; Chung, Sung‐Chang; Kim, Young-Ku; Kho, Hong‐Seop

doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(02)00053-5

Cited by 63 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Analysis of control RMS samples was more difficult, suggesting SS patients have a higher concentration of MUC7 at the mucosal surface, also shown by PAS staining. These findings coincide with previous observations of concentrated mucin on the mucosal surface of patients with salivary gland hypofunction and reduced mucosal wetness (14,15). The filter paper adsorption method for RMS analysis could also collect a minor amount of sloughed epithelial cells, which show an enrichment of proteins, including mucins (56).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Reduced Mucin-7 (Muc7) Sialylation and Altered Saliva Rheology in Sjögren's Syndrome Associated Oral Dryness

Chaudhury

Proctor

Karlsson

et al. 2016

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Sjö gren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and hypofunction of salivary and lacrimal glands. This loss of salivary function leads to oral dryness, impaired swallowing and speech, and increased infection and is associated with other autoimmune diseases and an increased risk of certain cancers. Despite the implications of this prevalent disease, diagnosis currently takes years, partly due to the diversity in patient presentation. Saliva is a complicated biological fluid with major constituents, including heavily glycosylated mucins MUC5B and MUC7, important for its viscoelastic and hydrating and lubricating properties. This study investigated Sjö gren's patient's perception of dryness (bother index questionnaires) along with the rheological, protein composition, and glycan analysis of whole mouth saliva and the saliva on the mucosal surface (residual mucosal saliva) to understand the properties that most affect patient wellbeing. Sjö gren's patients exhibited a statistically significant reduction in residual mucosal saliva, salivary flow rate, and extensional rheology, spinnbarkeit (stringiness). Although the concentration of mucins MUC5B and MUC7 were similar between patients and controls, a comparison of protein Western blotting and glycan staining identified a reduction in mucin glycosylation in Sjö gren's, particularly on MUC7. LC-MS/MS analysis of O-glycans released from MUC7 by ␤-elimination revealed that although patients had an increase in core 1 sulfation, the even larger reduction in sialylation resulted in a global decline of charged glycans. This was primarily due to the loss of the extended core 2 disialylated structure, with and without fucosylation. A decrease in the extended, fucosylated core 2 disialylated structure on MUC7, residual mucosal wetness, and whole mouth saliva flow rate appeared to have a negative and cumulative effect on the perception of oral dryness. The observed changes in MUC7 glycosylation could be a potential diagnostic tool for saliva quality and taken into consideration for future therapies for this multifactorial syndrome. Molecular & Cellular

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Saliva production can be stimulated by chewing and taste where contribution by the parotid glands, secreting a mucin-free amylase-rich serous fluid, is greatest followed by the submandibular glands (12). The RMS is made up of normal salivary proteins with an increased concentration of secreted mucins (14,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Mucin-7 (Muc7) Sialylation and Altered Saliva Rheology in Sjögren's Syndrome Associated Oral Dryness

Chaudhury

Proctor

Karlsson

et al. 2016

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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“…A decrease in salivary secretion rates with age has also been observed in stimulated parotid, 78 resting and stimulated submandibular 83 and resting 84,85 and stimulated 86,87 minor glands. On the other hand, an age-related decline was not observed in other studies of resting 87 and stimulated 88 whole salivary flow rate.…”

Section: Salivary Flow Ratesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Changes in Oral Microflora and Host Defences with Advanced Age

Percival

2009

Microbiology and Aging

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“…We also observed that other studies did not collect UWS and/or SWS [14, 17, 21], and nor explained how xerostomia complaint was assessed, though they stated that no participant reported complaints are suggestive of salivary gland dysfunction [17]. Moreover, some studies that used Periotron, which is reliable equipment, could not provide comparable information about minor salivary glands flow rates among them [17, 22, 23, 26, 32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…An important issue to be considered in future investigations is the establishment of references values ranges for both UWS and SWS flow rates, in order to consider a subject as hypo-or normosalivator before comprising groups of analysis when the aim of the study is to verify minor salivary glands' flow rates. We found only three studies that defined the stratification of groups according to their UWS and SWS to verify the secretion rates of minor glands [22, 23, 32], one [23] of them took into consideration the presence of xerostomia complaint. We also observed that other studies did not collect UWS and/or SWS [14, 17, 21], and nor explained how xerostomia complaint was assessed, though they stated that no participant reported complaints are suggestive of salivary gland dysfunction [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sialometry of Upper Labial Minor Glands: A Clinical Approach by the Use of Weighing Method Schirmer’s Test Strips Paper

Falcão

Leal

Vieira

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Objectives. To establish referential values ranges of hyposalivation and normosalivation for the salivary flow rate (SFR) of upper labial (LS) and palatal (PS) mucosa using Schirmer's test strips paper and as a second goal to determine the values ranges of the SFR of palatal (PS) and upper labial (LS) mucosa in subjects with and without xerostomia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among subjects distributed in three groups according to their unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva. Results. 144 subjects were enrolled in groups as follows: severe hyposalivation (n = 24), mild hyposalivation (n = 78), and normosalivation (n = 42). The mean and the 95% confidence interval for the LS flow rate (μL/cm2/min) were 3.2 (2.46 to 3.94), 5.86 (4.96 to 6.75), and 9.08 (7.63 to 10.53) (P < 0.001) for each group, respectively. The PS results were 1.01 (0.68 to 1.34), 1.72 (1.31 to 2.13), and 2.44 (1.66 to 3.22) (P = 0.014). Xerostomia complainers presented lower rates of LS (5.17 (4.06 to 6.23)) than non-complainers (7.33 (6.4 to 8.27)) (P = 0.003). Conclusions. The test was reliable to provide referential values ranges for LS flow rate measurement and was shown to be valid to distinguish normosalivation from severe and mild hyposalivation and also to predict xerostomia.

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Analysis of residual saliva and minor salivary gland secretions in patients with dry mouth

Cited by 63 publications

References 12 publications

Reduced Mucin-7 (Muc7) Sialylation and Altered Saliva Rheology in Sjögren's Syndrome Associated Oral Dryness

Reduced Mucin-7 (Muc7) Sialylation and Altered Saliva Rheology in Sjögren's Syndrome Associated Oral Dryness

Changes in Oral Microflora and Host Defences with Advanced Age

Sialometry of Upper Labial Minor Glands: A Clinical Approach by the Use of Weighing Method Schirmer’s Test Strips Paper

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