Analysis of rainfall runoff characteristics from a subtropical urban lawn catchment in South-east China

Abstract

Characteristics of rainfall runoff from a 3.26 hm(2) urban catchment with predominant land-use as lawn in Xiamen City, South-east China were investigated and analyzed. Water quality and quantity measurements of rainfall runoff were conducted for ten rainfall events over the period March, 2008 to April, 2009. The results indicated that chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus (TP) were the major pollutants with event mean concentrations of 56.09 and 0.44 mg center dot L-1. From hydrograph and pollutograph analysis of two typical rainfall events, it was clear that the peak rainfall preceded the peak flowrate by about 15-20 min. Meanwhile, concentrations of major pollutants showed multiple peaks and these peaks usually preceded peak flowrate. There were no distinctive first-flush effects except for the rainfall events with the longest rainfall duration and largest runoff volume, which was verified by the fact that the first 30% runoff volume (FF30) carried 39.36% of the total suspended solids (TSS) load, 35.17% of the COD load, 28.13% of the TP load and 39.03% of the nitrate nitrogen load. Multivariate regression analysis further demonstrated that the total runoff volume had a positive correlation with the FF30 of TSS and COD.National Natural Science Foundation of China [50778098]; Fujian Provincial Department of Science Technology [2007F3093

Characteristics of Stormwater Quality in Singapore Catchments in 9 Different Types of Land Use

“…It is a major source of surface water pollution in urban areas and one of the most important causes for the deterioration of water quality in the receiving water environment [1][2][3][4]. With urbanization, land-use development to support population increases and activities results in an increase of imperviousness to and a consistently declining health of the receiving water bodies [5][6][7][8]. It is therefore necessary to construct storm-water treatment systems to manage the risks associated with stormwater pollution [9,10].…”

“…Proper assessment of catchment runoff quality is essential for predicting pollution loads generated from urban areas to manage stormwater pollution. Previous studies show that pollutant concentrations and loads for individual watersheds depend on a few factors including land use [7,[11][12][13], sewer system, type of surface drained, rainfall, and runoff [14]. Different land-use characteristics reflect anthropogenic activities and could have a major impact on the quality of stormwater and consequently the receiving water bodies.…”

Removal of road deposited sediments by sweeping and its contribution to highway runoff quality in Korea

“…Meanwhile, TSS, COD, Zn, Cu, Cr, As and Fe in runoff from the unswept section decreased with runoff duration but increased after 20-25 min. An increase in the concentration of pollutants near the end of runoff, even after rainfall stopped, has also been demonstrated in previous studies, [41,43,44] but no explanation was provided. It is thought that a part of RDS is carried slowly by the runoff and/or is retained on the road near the outfall, and then washed out to the outfall as the runoff continues.…”

Quality of first flush of rainwater from urban area: short review

“…They have found that in the first 30 % of runoff, is occurring 36 % to 90 % of pollutants (depending on the characteristics of pollutants, rain, and land use) [18]. In their study, Huang et al (2012) verified that the first 30 runoff volumes carried the largest mass of pollution. Like Mamoon, he found that in that definition of the first flush (30 %), the mass of pollutants was around 35 % [19].…”

“…In their study, Huang et al (2012) verified that the first 30 runoff volumes carried the largest mass of pollution. Like Mamoon, he found that in that definition of the first flush (30 %), the mass of pollutants was around 35 % [19]. Not all authors agree with the statement that the first flash occurs when 80 % of pollutants enter the runoff in the first 30 % or 20 % of the runoff.…”