Analysis of radiopacity, pH and cytotoxicity of a new bioceramic material

Abstract

Objective RetroMTA® is a new hydraulic bioceramic indicated for pulp capping, perforations or root resorption repair, apexification and apical surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the radiopacity, pH variation and cytotoxicity of this material to ProRoot® MTA.Material and Methods Mixed cements were exposed to a digital x-ray along with an aluminum stepwedge for the radiopacity assay. pH values were verified after incubation period of 3, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. The cytotoxicity of each cement was tested on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts using a multiparametric assay. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc in GraphPad Prism.Results ProRoot® MTA had higher radiopacity than RetroMTA® (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed for the pH of the materials throughout experimental periods (p>0.05) although pH levels of both materials reduced over time. Both ProRoot® MTA and RetroMTA® allowed for significantly higher cell viability when compared with the positive control (p<0.001). No statistical difference was observed between ProRoot® MTA and RetroMTA® cytotoxicity level in all test parameters, except for the ProRoot® MTA 48-hour extract media in the NR assay (p<0.05).Conclusion The current study provides new data about the physicochemical and biological properties of Retro® MTA concerning radiopacity, pH and cytotoxic effects on human periodontal ligaments cells. Based on our findings, RetroMTA® meets the radiopacity requirements standardized by ANSI/ADA number 572, and similar pH values and biocompatibility to ProRoot® MTA. Further studies should be performed to evaluate additional properties of this new material.

The effect of root canal preparation using single versus multiple endodontic rotary files on post-operative pain, a randomised clinical trial

“…The model selected to obtain extract media for the biological property assays simulated a clinical scenario, and the use of HPDL cells also reflects a relevant clinical scenario (11,13 Figure 5. Results of XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfopheny)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide inner salt), NR (neutral red) and CVDE (crystal violet dye elution) cytotoxicity assays on HPDL fibroblasts exposed to PC, PC 2%, PC 5%, PC 10%, PC 15% and MTA.…”

“…Samples were mixed and placed into a stainless-steel ring (10 mm in diameter and 1 mm in height), followed by an incubation at 37°C±1°C and 95% relative humidity for 24 h as previously described (11). Briefly, samples were positioned onto an occlusal phosphor plate with an aluminium stepwedge.…”

“…Freshly mixed samples were placed into plastic tube (1.0 mm of internal diameter and 1 cm of length) with an endodontic file, as previously described (11). Briefly, samples were placed in a glass vial with 10 mL of distilled water and kept in the incubator for 3, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h (or 7 days).…”

“…Samples were mixed and inserted into 1000-µL pipette tips (VWR, Radnor, PA), as previously described (11,13). Briefly, the tip with the cement was attached to the lid of a microcentrifuge tube so that 1 mm of the tip was immersed in containing 0.5 mL of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (ATCC, Manassas, VA) supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated foetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco, Grand Island, NY), 100 U/mL penicillin (PEN) and 100 mg/mL streptomycin (STREP) (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO).…”

“…Cell Viability Assays HPDL fibroblasts were seeded at a density of 2 ´ 10 4 cells/well in a 96-well plate and incubated for 24 h, as published elsewhere (11,13). Briefly, 200 µL of extract media was added to the wells and incubated for 24 h. Fresh media were used as a negative control and 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (BioRad, Hercules, CA) as a positive control.…”