Analysis of plutonium in soil samples

Montero, M.P. Rubio; Sánchez, A. Martı́n; Vázquez, M.T. Crespo; Murillo, J.L. Gascón

doi:10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00141-x

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…One-step valence adjustment using NaNO 2 has been proposed by Montero et al However, low chemical yields of Pu (∼40%) were obtained in their work. In principle, NaNO 2 can reduce Pu(VI) to Pu(IV) and oxidize Pu(III) to Pu(IV) in HNO 3 , thus, it is conceivable to adjust all Pu to Pu(IV).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Thus, the overall Pu in the sample has to be adjusted to Pu(IV). The most commonly exploited method are either one-step valence adjustment by resorting to NaNO 2 or ascorbic acid , or two-step valence adjustment by the consecutive usage of reducing (e.g., K 2 S 2 O 5 or Fe(NH 2 SO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O) and oxidizing (e.g., NaNO 2 ) reagents. − In this work, three methods for valence adjustment were ascertained in regard to the operational time and chemical yield of Pu, as well as the decontamination factors for U, Th, Hg, and Pb, using 10 g of Danish soil as a model sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2009

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This article presents an automated method for the rapid determination of 239Pu and 240Pu in various environmental samples. The analytical method involves the in-line separation of Pu isotopes using extraction chromatography (TEVA) implemented in a sequential injection (SI) network followed by detection of isolated analytes with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The method has been devised for the determination of Pu isotopes at environmentally relevant concentrations, whereby it has been successfully applied to the analyses of large volumes/amounts of samples, for example, 100−200 g of soil and sediment, 20 g of seaweed, and 200 L of seawater following analyte preconcentration. The investigation of the separation capability of the assembled SI system revealed that up to 200 g of soil or sediment can be treated using a column containing about 0.70 g of TEVA resin. The analytical results of Pu isotopes in the reference materials showed good agreement with the certified or reference values at the 0.05 significance level. Chemical yields of Pu ranged from 80 to 105%, and the decontamination factors for uranium, thorium, mercury and lead were all above 104. The duration of the in-line extraction chromatographic run was <1.5 h, and the proposed setup was able to handle up to 20 samples (14 mL each) in a fully automated mode using a single chromatographic column. The SI manifold is thus suitable for rapid and automated determination of Pu isotopes in environmental risk assessment and emergency preparedness scenarios.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2009

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“…The purification of plutonium was accomplished by conventional anion exchange resin 3) . The residue of leachate or digestion solution was dissolved diluted to ~200 ml with 0.5 mol/L HCl, the pH of the solution was adjusted 7.5~8 with 12.5% NH 3 ·H 2 O and the 239 Pu was coprecipitated with iron hydroxides.…”

Section: Determination Of 239mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Aliquot Representativeness in the Radiochemical analysis and Gamma Measurement of Contaminated Soil Sample

Yuren

2008

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

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Abstract. In the present paper, the size of the soil particle and the weight of the aliquot submitted to gamma measurement or radiochemical analysis, while fulfilled the requirement of representativeness, were investigated experimentally. The radioactive contaminated soil sample was pulverized, 239 Pu was separated and determined by isotope dilution introduced coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, and gamma emitters, 241 Am and 137 Cs etc were measured by the gamma spectrometry. The dependence of the time taken during the milling and consequent mesh size, and the relationship between the weight of aliquot for radiochemical analysis and the mesh size of the soil were established, under the supposed representativeness criteria of (1) the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 20% and (2) the deviation from certificated value (DCV) less than 10%. An empirical equation of the aliquot weight and size was fitted, by which the optimum size is 40mesh when circa 180 g is used for gamma measurement, and the preference size is 150 mesh when the aliquot for the radioanalysis around 2 g soil is scooped for assay. These results could be used in the assay of the soil samples in the radiological survey.

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“…This also saves time and resources [6]. The fundamental step in separating the actinides in solid samples is the complete dissolution of the sample to avoid the loss of activity in any insoluble residue or colloidal particles [7]. Several reference materials of soils, phosphogypsum and food ash have been analysed to determine alpha-particle emitters concentrations using procedures based on dissolving the sample by acid leaching on a hot plate or acid digestion in a closed vessel using microwave irradiation [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of two radiochemical procedures for the determination of uranium and thorium isotopes in coal samples

Lourtau

Montero

2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Two procedures are presented for the sequential determination of uranium and thorium isotopes in coals. They are based on acid leaching on a hot plate, and on acid digestion in closed vessels using microwave irradiation. Both were applied to the analysis of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) reference materials, and to the study of coals with different ranks. The greatest recoveries were obtained with the acid digestion method. This method was more effective than the leaching method for the extraction of the uranium isotopes in coals. The effectiveness of the thorium isotopes extraction was similar in the two methods.

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Analysis of plutonium in soil samples

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Investigation of Aliquot Representativeness in the Radiochemical analysis and Gamma Measurement of Contaminated Soil Sample

Evaluation of two radiochemical procedures for the determination of uranium and thorium isotopes in coal samples

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