1999
DOI: 10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00106-1
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Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum PfEMP-1/var genes suggests that recombination rearranges constrained sequences

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Cited by 70 publications
(57 citation statements)
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“…Similar common stretches of amino acid sequences are also found between var genes from heterologous Indian isolates (data not shown). The presence of common sequences in var genes from geographically distant P. falciparum isolates has been previously noted (26) and explains the ability of adult immune sera to agglutinate parasite isolates from distant locations (1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Similar common stretches of amino acid sequences are also found between var genes from heterologous Indian isolates (data not shown). The presence of common sequences in var genes from geographically distant P. falciparum isolates has been previously noted (26) and explains the ability of adult immune sera to agglutinate parasite isolates from distant locations (1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Ectopic gene recombination among var genes occurs during meiosis (34,98) and potentially during mitotic division, although the latter has not been definitively shown. Sequence comparisons and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of parasite crosses and population studies suggest that both small (ϳ100 to 200 nucleotides) and larger recombination events contribute to var gene evolution (7,13,34,52,98,100,108). Also, recent studies have shown that higher rates of recombination events occur in the chromosomal regions near or surrounding var genes (70,71), further confirming the role of recombination in generating var gene diversity.…”
Section: Var Gene Diversity Recombination Hierarchies and Evolutionmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…Thus, ancient polymorphic segments have been carried forward into existing parasite populations, possibly from a burst of polymorphism that occurred in the common progenitor to these isolates. Small stretches of shared polymorphism have also been observed between lessconserved var genes and potentially contribute to cross-reactive antibody responses (15,108). These findings suggest that recombination of slowly mutating polymorphic segments has an important role in var gene diversification and that recombining genes may be more likely to share antigenic relationship.…”
Section: Var Gene Diversity Recombination Hierarchies and Evolutionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Although it has been hypothesized that strong immune pressure is likely to result in independently transmitted strains (22), molecular studies of PfEMP1 support an alternative scenario of frequent gene recombination (38) occurring in randomly mating P. falciparum parasites (2). This scenario of frequent and random recombination of var genes is assumed in the model.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%