Analysis of Physical States of Water in Soybean Seeds by NMR

Ishida, Noriko; Kano, Hiromi; Kobayashi, Toshio; Yoshida, Takashi

doi:10.1080/00021369.1988.10869128

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The damage to tissues is severe in seeds with initial water concentrations under 10 %. However, when the seed moisture content before imbibition is 12–17 % there is an alleviation of damage, associated with a decline in the leakage of solutes, the appearance of respiratory activity, and clear phosphate signals in 31 P-NMR spectra ( Pollock, 1969 ; Pollock et al , 1969 ; Hobbs and Obendorf, 1972 ; Ashworth and Obendorf, 1980 ; Vertucci and Leopold, 1984 ; Ishida et al , 1988 a , b ). This indicates that membrane functions are restored, even though the activities of respiration and metabolism are restricted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seeds do not, however, suffer from soaking effects when the water concentration in seeds is 12–17 % ( Pollock et al , 1969 ; Hobbs and Obendorf, 1972 ; Ashworth and Obendorf, 1980 ; Ishida et al , 1988 a ). Alleviation of the effects of soaking injury as a result of the increase in the moisture content of seeds before imbibition is related to the reduced binding energy of water molecules and the appearance of respiratory activity ( Vertucci and Leopold, 1984 ; Ishida et al , 1988 b ). The molecular-level mechanism relating to the soaking effect of excessively desiccated seeds remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Seed Coat in Imbibing Soybean Seeds Observed by Micro-magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2008

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Background and AimsImbibition of Japanese soybean (Glycine max) cultivars was studied using micro-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to elucidate the mechanism of soaking injury and the protective role of the seed coat.MethodsTime-lapse images during water uptake were acquired by the single-point imaging (SPI) method at 15-min intervals, for 20 h in the dry seed with seed coat, and for 2 h in seeds with the seed coat removed. The technique visualized water migration within the testa and demonstrated the distortion associated with cotyledon swelling during the very early stages of water uptake.Key ResultsWater soon appeared in the testa and went around the dorsal surface of the seed from near the raphe, then migrated to the hilum region. An obvious protrusion was noted when water reached the hypocotyl and the radicle, followed by swelling of the cotyledons. A convex area was observed around the raphe with the enlargement of the seed. Water was always incorporated into the cotyledons from the abaxial surfaces, leading to swelling and generating a large air space between the adaxial surfaces. Water uptake greatly slowed, and the internal structures, veins and oil-accumulating tissues in the cotyledons developed after the seed stopped expanding. When the testa was removed from the dry seeds before imbibition, the cotyledons were severely damaged within 1·5 h of water uptake.ConclusionsThe activation of the water channel seemed unnecessary for water entry into soybean seeds, and the testa rapidly swelled with steeping in water. However, the testa did not regulate the water incorporation in itself, but rather the rate at which water encountered the hypocotyl, the radicle, and the cotyledons through the inner layer of the seed coat, and thus prevented the destruction of the seed tissues at the beginning of imbibition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Seed Coat in Imbibing Soybean Seeds Observed by Micro-magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2008

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“…The data on the components of transverse relaxation time of seed water during humidification and imbibition indicate the presence of three different populations of protons, each with a different magnetic environment that causes different relaxation rates in primed seeds (Figs 7,8,10,11). Ishida et al (1988) suggested that these three populations correspond to water molecules differing in mobility, such as extracellular free water, intracellular bulk water and solid or bound water. This suggestion has been used extensively by many researchers to explain tissue water partitioning (Di Nola et al, 1988Brosio et al, 1993;Foucat et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of water status in primed seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) by sorption properties and NMR relaxation times

Nagarajan

Pandita²,

Joshi

et al. 2005

Seed Sci. Res.

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The enhanced laboratory and field emergence characteristics of osmo- and halo-primed tomato seeds (cv. Pusa Ruby) were related to changes in hydration–dehydration kinetics, modified sorption properties and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation behaviour of humidified and imbibed seeds. Water sorption isotherms were constructed for primed and unprimed seeds by equilibrating to different water activities (aw) at 25°C. Analysis of the isotherms by the D'Arcy–Watt equation revealed that priming reduced the number of strong binding sites and the associated water content, and increased significantly the number of weak binding sites and the associated water content. This redistribution of water, which increased the availability of seed water, may be the reason for the higher speed of germination of primed seeds. The changes in transverse relaxation time (T2) of seed water and its components, measuredin vivousing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, showed interesting differences between primed and unprimed seeds. With an increase in humidification time, the T2of primed seeds could be resolved into three components with varying mobilities, while the control seeds had only two components until 10 d of humidification. During imbibition, the third component appeared after 2 and 6 h in primed and control seeds, respectively. This component disappeared after the germination process started in all treatments. The third fraction, with very low molecular mobility, which accounted for about 40% of the proton population, was assigned to hydration water of macromolecules. Hence, we propose that better performance of primed seeds may be attributed to the modifications of seed water-binding properties and reorganization of seed water during imbibition, so as to increase the macromolecular hydration water required for various metabolic activities related to the germination process.

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“…These two populations may correspond to water molecules di †ering in mobility, such as free and bound water. 23 Several workers have already exploited this feature in attempts to determine tissue water partitioning.22,24 A general conclusion is that high relaxation rates relate to extracellular water and low relaxation rates to intracellular water compartments. Intracellular and extracellular water mutually exchange25 across the plasma membrane and the rate of exchange depends on the plasma membrane permeability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of chemical stimuli and temperature on water transport and mobility in germinating rape seeds by pulsed 1H NMR spectroscopy

Miedziejko¹

1997

Magn. Reson. Chem.

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Pulsed 1H NMR in vivo di †erence spectroscopy and germination were combined to elucidate the e †ect of exogenously applied estriol or ethanol on water retention in fully hydrated rape seeds. The presence of estriol or ethanol in the imbibition medium resulted in a reduction of the photoreversible phytochrome. An approach to the assessment of cell membrane permeability related to the intracellular water exchange rate, using the bi-exponential feature in the water proton spin-lattice relaxation rate and spin-spin relaxation rate is presented. The R 1 R 2 , intracellular water exchange rate increases approximately two-and three-fold in seeds pre-treated with estriol or ethanol solution in comparison with water imbibed seeds. The activation energy for the germination rate was 61 » 6, 42 » 4 and 37 » 4 kJ mol-1 and the transition temperature was 281 » 2, 286 » 2 and 284 » 2 K for seeds imbibed with water, estriol and ethanol solution, respectively. The temperature dependence of the intracellular water exchange rate showed comparable values of activation energy and transition temperatures. All the results support the hypothesis that the two e †ects, thermal activation and increase in the seed cell membrane permeability, combine during water transport into the cell and result in the germination of rape seeds imbibed with estriol or ethanol solution.

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Analysis of Physical States of Water in Soybean Seeds by NMR

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Role of Seed Coat in Imbibing Soybean Seeds Observed by Micro-magnetic Resonance Imaging

Role of Seed Coat in Imbibing Soybean Seeds Observed by Micro-magnetic Resonance Imaging

Characterization of water status in primed seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) by sorption properties and NMR relaxation times

Impact of chemical stimuli and temperature on water transport and mobility in germinating rape seeds by pulsed 1H NMR spectroscopy

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