Analysis of Physical Chemical Drinking Water Quality Parameters in Sialkot

Abstract

Due to increasing in urbanization, agricultural and various human activities are being increased which caused the contamination of surface water and ground water. Present demand of drinking water is not sufficient which should be safe and clean but it is contaminated now a day’s coming from different sources. Various treatments and methods are adopted to upgrade the quality of drinking water. Water should be free from the various contaminations viz. Organic and Inorganic pollutants, Heavy metals, Pesticides etc. as well as all its parameter like pH, Conductivity, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Hardness, Carbonate, Bicarbonate, Chloride, Total Dissolved Solid, Alkalinity, Sodium Potassium, Nitrate should be within a permissible limit. For this purpose, different samples were collected from different sources. Category 1: piped water, Category 2: Boreholes with hand pump average depth is 30m, Category 3: Society supply line, Category 4: Simple open hand dug wells that do not sealed walls average depth 5m, Category 5: Surface water. These samples were analyzed for their physical-chemical and microbiological quality (pH, Conductivity, Turbidity, Hardness & Total dissolved solids) in order to identify the rate of contamination and suggest appropriate solutions. Different diseases are accrued in human body which is identified due to the contaminated water. By chemical testing, it can be identified and then suggested some methods of treatment to purify the water for drinking purposes. All parameters are confirmed by comparing with World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Results concluded that quality of drinking water have been adequate of category 3 in which drinking water coming from society treatment plant but category 2 also lies within the acceptable range.