Analysis of phthalate esters contamination in drinking water samples

Kanchanamayoon, W; Prapatpong, P; S, Chumwangwapee; S, Chaithongrat

doi:10.5897/ajb11.3584

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Among the observed dissolved phthalate chemicals, the water samples held at the sixteenth week of the incubation period had the highest DEHP concentrations. An identical trend was reported in respect of elevated DEHP values for stored water samples by Kanchanamayoon et al (2012) and Yousefi, et al (2019) respectively.…”

Section: Figure 1 Concentration Of Phthalate Esters Bottled Water Und...supporting

confidence: 84%

Concentration of Phthalate Esters in Bottled Water: A Case Study in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria

Edjere,

Isukuru,

Chizoba

et al. 2023

JESS

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Phthalate esters (PAEs), a group of chemical compounds, are extensively used as additives in plastics. The objective of this study was to determine how much of a few target PAEs have leached into various samples of drinking water packaged in PET bottles in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria as well as how ambient temperature, sunshine exposure, and cold storage conditions have affected the concentration of PAE. The concentrations of Di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), di-butyl-phthalates (DBP), benzyl-butyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), and Bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were determined in bottled water samples. The concentrations of PAEs were determined using a gas chromatography coupled with a mass sepctroscopy analyzer (GC-MS). Phthalate compound was observed to be in all bottled water placed under different storage conditions; cold storage (CW), ambient storage (AW), and sunlight storage (SLW) for a period of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. However, the greatest leaching effect was observed in PET bottled water placed sunlight conditions for sixteen weeks with concentrations of; DEHP (2.1-11.2) µg/L, DEP (0.98-3.87) µg/L, DBP (2.98-13.8) µg/L. The results from this study indicated that, under various storage conditions, DEP, DBP and DEHP from PET bottles may leach more into the drinking water over a period of time under different storage conditions. The result additionally gave indication that DEHP; a known endocrine disruptor, with anti-androgenic and possible human carcinogen effects, exceeded the 6 µg/L USEPA Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) in drinking water, and also greater than 8 µg/L which is the indicated MCL by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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Section: Figure 1 Concentration Of Phthalate Esters Bottled Water Und...supporting

confidence: 84%

Concentration of Phthalate Esters in Bottled Water: A Case Study in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria

Edjere,

Isukuru,

Chizoba

et al. 2023

JESS

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“…In this research, we focused on the assessment of phthalate compounds in beverages, products whose consumption has grown dramatically in Vietnam, and thus the phthalate contamination factor for non-alcoholic drink was not exactly reflected the exposure level. Phthalate exposure in daily life possibly originates from different sources such as air [31,32,33], food [28,34], beverages [35,36] as well as cosmetics [37]. As a consequence, in this study, we solely concentrated on evaluating phthalate in beverage drinks, products which are consumed in huge quantities in Vietnam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Sample Preparation for Detection of 10 Phthalates in Non-Alcoholic Beverages in Northern Vietnam

Tran-Lam

Dao

Nguyen

et al. 2018

Toxics

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A novel method was developed for the sensitive, cheap and fast quantitation of 10 phthalates in non-alcoholic beverages by liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The best results were obtained when n-hexane was used as extraction solvent. A central composite design (CCD) was applied to select the most appreciated operating condition. The method performance was evaluated according to the SANTE/11945/2015 guidelines and was linear in the 0.1 to 200 µg/L range for 10 phthalate compounds, with r2 > 0.996 and individual residuals <15%. Repeatability (RSDr), within-laboratory reproducibility (RSDwr), and the trueness range were from 2.7 to 9.1%, from 3.4 to 14.3% and from 91.5 to 118.1%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was between 0.5 to 1.0 ng/L and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was between 1.5 to 3.0 ng/L for all 10 compounds. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of non-alcoholic beverages.

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Occurrence and removal characteristics of phthalate esters from bottled drinking water using silver modified roasted date pits

Alhaddad

Abu-Dieyeh

Da’ana

et al. 2021

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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Background This paper aims to investigate the occurrence and removal characteristics of phthalate esters from bottled drinking water using silver modified roasted date pits. Three adsorbents, namely roasted date pits (RODP), silver-modified roasted date pits (S-RODP), and activated carbon (AC) were used to investigate their adsorption characterizations in removing dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP) from the collected bottle water samples. Methods The occurrences of the phthalate esters in the collected bottled water samples were carried out at different temperatures (30, 50, and 60 °C), and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis - selected ion monitoring. Batch adsorption isotherms were used to study and establish the efficiency of such adsorbents in removing phthalate esters, in which they describe the adsorbent-adsorbate interaction systems. Adsorption efficiency of the various adsorbents was investigated by using different adsorbent masses (0.05 g, 0.10 g, and 0.15 g) and temperature (30 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C). Different physical and chemical characterizations were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, pore radius, and pore volume. Results The results indicated that the most abundant phthalate esters were DMP followed by DEP under 30 °C; however, DNOP was not detected in any of the tested water samples, except for one sample under 30 °C with a concentration of 0.031 μg/mL. The obtained results showed that phthalate esters leaching to the bottled drinking water were affected by storage temperature. The phthalate esters levels were increased with increasing the temperature to 60 °C. It was concluded that the ability of S-RODP for the adsorption of phthalate esters was better than the removal percentage obtained by AC and RODP. The removal percentage was increased from 90 to 99% by increasing the temperature from 30 to 50 °C and then decreased to 92.3% at 60 °C. Conclusion RODP was successfully used as an effective adsorbent for phthalate esters removal from drinking water. However, S-RODP has the highest removal abilities than other adsorbents due to the newly formed functional groups on its surface.

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Analysis of phthalate esters contamination in drinking water samples

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Concentration of Phthalate Esters in Bottled Water: A Case Study in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria

Concentration of Phthalate Esters in Bottled Water: A Case Study in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria

Optimization of Sample Preparation for Detection of 10 Phthalates in Non-Alcoholic Beverages in Northern Vietnam

Occurrence and removal characteristics of phthalate esters from bottled drinking water using silver modified roasted date pits

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