Analysis of pesticide residues in vegetables purchased from local markets of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh based on QuEChERS Extraction and Gas Chromatography

Abstract

The study was conducted to analyze organophosphorus pesticide residues in two common vegetables (cauliflower and eggplant) collected from five local markets of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. The collected samples were carried to the Pesticide Analytical Laboratory, Entomology Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur on the same sampling day. The collected samples were analyzed using Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique and Gas Chromatography (GC) coupled with Flame Thermionic Detector (FTD). In total, 60 vegetable samples were analyzed in this study. Out of 30 analyzed samples of cauliflower, 5 samples (17% of the total number of samples) contained residues of dimethoate, chlorpyrifos and quinalphos, where 3 samples contained residues above the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Among the 30 analyzed samples of eggplant, 5 samples (17% of the total number of samples) contained residues of chlorpyrifos, quinalphos, and dimethoate, where only one sample contained residues above MRL. This study reflects the actual scenario of pesticide residues remain in cauliflower and eggplant collected from local markets of Mymensingh district, which will help the consumer to be aware of their health and safety. Thus, continuous monitoring of pesticide residues in vegetables should be strengthened. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2022, 6 (1), 10-17

Pesticides in vegetable production in Bangladesh: A systemic review of contamination levels and associated health risks in the last decade

“… Area of Collection Total Sample Contaminated Sample Samples above >MRL Detection technique Detected pesticide Detected Value (mg/kg) MRL (mg/kg) References 1. Markets samples of Mymensingh district 30 5 1 GC-FTD Chlorpyrifos Dimethoate, Quinalphos 0.108–0.173 0.013–0.028 0.042 0.500 0.020 0.200 Alam et al [10] 2. Field samples of Faridpur, Chittagong, Dhaka, Comilla, Mymensingh, Narayanganj, Kushtia, Jessore, Rajshahi and Sylhet 30 14 4 GC-MS Malathion Carbofuran Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Carbaryl Fenitrothion 0.008–0.040 0.005–0.050 0.200–0.390 0.005–0.700 0.030 0.007 0.020 0.020 0.500 0.010 0.050 0.010 Chowdhury et al [29] 3.…”

“…Over the last decades, many studies have been conducted to determine the pesticide residue in vegetable production in Bangladesh [10] , [101] , [102] , [23] , [4] , [5] , [53] , [6] , [63] , [64] , [82] , [90] . But the data were either on one pesticide group, a single pesticide, or a combination of pesticides in a single vegetable or a group of vegetables.…”

Monitoring of pesticide residues in yard long bean collected from Mymensingh district of Bangladesh

“…(Prodhan et al, 2017). Gas Chromatography coupled with flame thermionic detector is widely used for the quantification of pesticide residues in vegetables, fruits (Alam et al, 2022;Rahman et al, 2021;Prodhan et al, 2021;Ahmed et al, 2021;, fish and dry fish (Hoque et al, 2021;Prodhan et al, 2018a;2010;2009), sugercane (Kabir et al, 2007), betel leaf and water (Prodhan et al, 2021a;2021b), as they are very much sensitive for the quantification of organophosphorus pesticides. Up until now, several research works have been conducted for the quantification of pesticide residues in vegetables in Bangladesh (Tasnim et al, 2022;Parvin et al, 2021;Hasan et al, 2021;Habib et al, 2021;Nahar et al, 2020;Islam et al, 2021;2019a;Prodhan et al, 2022;2018b;2018c;Hossain et al, 2014;Islam et al, 2014;Kabir et al, 2008;2008a).…”

Multiple pesticide residue determination in major vegetables purchased from Gazipur district of Bangladesh

“…In Bangladesh, the measurement of pesticide residues is done using gas chromatography in conjunction with a flame thermionic detector in fruits and vegetables (Ahmed et al, 2021;Rahman et al, 2021;Prodhan et al, 2021;), fish and dry fish (Prodhan et al, 2018a;2010;2009;Hoque et al, 2021;), sugercane (Kabir et al, 2007), betel leaf and water (Prodhan et al, 2021a;2021b), because they are quite sensitive for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides. Numerous studies have been done up to this point for the measurement of pesticide residues in vegetables in Bangladesh (Habib et al, 2021;Nahar et al, 2020;Islam et al, 2021;2019a;Prodhan et al, 2018b;2018c;Hossain et al, 2014;Alam et al, 2022;Parvin et al, 2021;Hasan et al, 2021;Islam et al, 2014;Kabir et al, 2008;2008a). To know more about the actual situation of pesticide residues remaining in vegetables in a particular region of Bangladesh, more research is required.…”