Analysis of Performance of Passive Pre-Chamber on a Lean-Burn Natural Gas Engine under Low Load

Lu, Changhao; Song, Enzhe; Xu, Congcong; Ni, Zuo; Yang, Xiyu; Dong, Quan

doi:10.3390/jmse11030596

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Nonetheless, it is essential to note that each In recent years, pre-chamber technology has gained interest as a means to facilitate the use of renewable fuels in ICEs, next to improving combustion with classic fossil fuels. Research has explored the feasibility of employing pre-chambers with a variety of renewable fuels [110,[117][118][119][120][121]. Many of these possess high octane numbers, rendering them challenging to ignite in CI engines.…”

Section: Pre-chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Methanol as a Fuel for Heavy-Duty Engines: A Review of Technologies Enabling Single-Fuel Solutions

Pu,

Dejaegere,

Svensson

et al. 2024

Energies

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To meet climate targets, a global shift away from fossil fuels is essential. For sectors where electrification is impractical, it is crucial to find sustainable energy carriers. Renewable methanol is widely considered a promising fuel for powering heavy-duty applications like shipping, freight transport, agriculture, and industrial machines due to its various sustainable production methods. While current technological efforts focus mainly on dual-fuel engines in shipping, future progress hinges on single-fuel solutions using renewable methanol to achieve net-zero goals in the heavy-duty sector. This review examines the research status of technologies enabling methanol as the sole fuel for heavy-duty applications. Three main categories emerged from the literature: spark-ignition, compression-ignition, and pre-chamber systems. Each concept’s operational principles and characteristics regarding efficiency, stability, and emissions were analyzed. Spark-ignition concepts are a proven and cost-effective solution with high maturity. However, they face limitations due to knock issues, restricting power output with larger bore sizes. Compression-ignition concepts inherently do not suffer from end-gas autoignition, but encounter challenges related to ignitability due to the low cetane number of methanol. Nonetheless, various methods for achieving autoignition of methanol exist. To obtain stable combustion at all load points, a combination of techniques will be required. Pre-chamber technology, despite its lower maturity, holds promise for extending the knock limit and enhancing efficiency by acting as a distributed ignition source. Furthermore, mixing-controlled pre-chamber concepts show potential for eliminating knock and the associated size and power limitations. The review concludes by comparing each technology and identifying research gaps for future work.

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Section: Pre-chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Methanol as a Fuel for Heavy-Duty Engines: A Review of Technologies Enabling Single-Fuel Solutions

Pu,

Dejaegere,

Svensson

et al. 2024

Energies

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show abstract

“…Lu et al [32] investigated the influence of nozzle hole design parameters of a prechamber on the scavenging process under low loads using CFD. They found that with increasing nozzle diameter from 0.8 to 1.6 mm, the residual gas discharge decreased to 1% from 5.9%.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of a GDI engine with pre-combustion Chamber

2023

IJATEE

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The rules and regulations on greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions are exerting enormous stress on the automobile sector [1]. To attain the long-term fleet goal of 50g carbon dioxide (CO 2 )/km for modern automobile drivetrains, light-duty vehicle propulsion systems are undergoing significant modifications from purely thermal engines to more electric powertrains [2]. Consequently, it is anticipated that the internal combustion engine (ICE) will continue to be a component of the drivetrain in the coming years. *Author for correspondenceThe key advancements based on the engine efficiency improvement, advanced after-treatment systems, low carbon fuels, and predictive control strategies are being developed [3]. Due to stringent pollution rules, spark ignition (SI) engines are gaining market share in the automobile sector, especially in the passenger and light-duty vehicle segments [4]. However, the efficiency and load-carrying capacity of the SI engine are inferior to that of its counterpart compression ignition (CI) engine due to its operation with a lower compression ratio (CR) [5]. Since peak efficiencies of greater than 45% have been consistently cited as desired values from gasoline engines, substantially decreasing the fuel consumption of gasoline engines

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“…Properly designed pre-chambers can significantly extend engine lean-burn limit of the engine and increase efficiency [28], but one of the disadvantages of integrating a prechamber into an engine head is the associated cost. Installation of a pre-chamber requires modification of the cylinder head, which may necessitate a redesign of coolant passages or other features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Custom-Designed Pre-Chamber: Investigating the Effects on Small SI Engine in Active and Passive Modes

et al. 2023

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This work shows the results of an experimental campaign carried out in two spark ignition engines, a small optical research engine and its commercial counterpart, using a turbulent ignition system (pre-chamber) specifically designed for small engines. Advanced optical techniques and conventional methods were used to study the combustion process under various operating conditions. The pre-chamber operated actively in the research engine and passively in the commercial engine. Results showed that the pre-chamber configuration resulted in an increase in indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and a decrease in the coefficient of variation (CoV) of IMEP. These improvements compensated for challenges such as slow methane combustion rate, poor lean burn capability, and air displacement. In addition, the pre-chamber configuration exhibited lower fuel consumption and specific exhaust emissions compared to the standard ignition system. The novelty of this work lies in the successful implementation of the turbulent ignition system as a retrofit solution for SI engines, showing improved combustion efficiency and lower emissions. The study goes beyond previous efforts by demonstrating the benefits of the pre-chamber configuration in small engines without requiring extensive modifications. The results provide valuable insights into the automotive industry’s pursuit of engine optimization and highlight the significance of innovative approaches for spark ignition engines in contributing to sustainable mobility.

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Analysis of Performance of Passive Pre-Chamber on a Lean-Burn Natural Gas Engine under Low Load

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Renewable Methanol as a Fuel for Heavy-Duty Engines: A Review of Technologies Enabling Single-Fuel Solutions

Renewable Methanol as a Fuel for Heavy-Duty Engines: A Review of Technologies Enabling Single-Fuel Solutions

Numerical investigation of a GDI engine with pre-combustion Chamber

Custom-Designed Pre-Chamber: Investigating the Effects on Small SI Engine in Active and Passive Modes

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