Analysis of Particle Laden Flow and Heat Transfer in Cascade and Rocket Nozzle

Abstract

This paper presents results for the calculation of particle trajectories in a cascade and a rocket nozzle using a Lagrangian method. When the floating particles collide to the components, the component surface is damaged severely. The surface erosion rate is strongly dependent on a particle size, a particle impact angle and a surface material. For a compressor cascade, the particle impact rate increases proportionally with the flow inlet angle and the erosion rate on the pressure side surface of blade are related to the surface or coating materials. For a solid rocket nozzle, the particle free zone in the nozzle divergent section increases quickly with increasing particle size and the maximum heat transfer density occurs at the starting region of nozzle convergent section. The Al2O3 droplet breaks up around the nozzle throat due to the high velocity difference between the droplet and gas stream, resulting in the big change of particle free zone.

A review of flaws and damage in space launch vehicles: Motors and engines

“…During the combustion process, this powder forms oxidized aluminum droplets that float in the combustion gas. The melted Al 2 O 3 droplets seriously damage the nozzle wall and the jet vane installed in the nozzle (Bae, 1998;Cho et al, 2001;Neilson and Gilchrist, 1968). When the floating particles collide to the nozzle components, the surfaces of the components are damaged severely.…”

“…When the floating particles collide to the nozzle components, the surfaces of the components are damaged severely. The deposition of high temperature particles transfers large heat flux to the nozzle wall, thermally eroding the wall (Cho et al, 2001;Strobel and King, 1993). The surface erosion rate is strongly dependent on particle size, particle impact angle, and surface material (Cho et al, 2001).…”

“…The deposition of high temperature particles transfers large heat flux to the nozzle wall, thermally eroding the wall (Cho et al, 2001;Strobel and King, 1993). The surface erosion rate is strongly dependent on particle size, particle impact angle, and surface material (Cho et al, 2001). For a solid rocket nozzle, the particle free zone in the nozzle divergent section increases quickly with increasing particle size, and the maximum heat transfer density occurs at the starting region of the nozzle convergent section (Cho et al, 2001).…”

“…The surface erosion rate is strongly dependent on particle size, particle impact angle, and surface material (Cho et al, 2001). For a solid rocket nozzle, the particle free zone in the nozzle divergent section increases quickly with increasing particle size, and the maximum heat transfer density occurs at the starting region of the nozzle convergent section (Cho et al, 2001). Particle erosion will cause excessive material removal in the throat entrance region and, therefore, will result in large negative margins of safety (Strobel and King, 1993).…”