Analysis of Oxidative Stress Enzymes and Structural and Functional Proteins on Human Aortic Tissue from Different Aortopathies

Abstract

The role of oxidative stress in different aortopathies is evaluated. Thirty-two tissue samples from 18 men and 14 women were divided into: 4 control (C) subjects, 11 patients with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), 4 with variants of Marfan's syndrome (MV), 9 with Marfan's syndrome (M), 2 with Turner's syndrome, and 2 with Takayasu's arteritis (TA). Aorta fragments were homogenized. Lipoperoxidation (LPO), copper-zinc and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn and Cu-Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitrates and nitrites (NO3 −/NO2 −), and type IV collagen, and laminin were evaluated. There was an increase in Mn- and Cu-Zn-SOD activity in SAH, MV, M, and Turner's syndrome. There was also an increase in CAT activity in M and Turner' syndrome. GPx and GST activity decreased and LPO increased in all groups. eNOS was decreased in SAH, MV, and M and NO3 −/NO2 − were increased in SAH and TA. Type IV collagen was decreased in Turner's syndrome and TA. Laminin γ-1 was decreased in MV and increased in M. In conclusion, similarities and differences in oxidative stress in the different aortopathies studied including pathologies with aneurysms were found with alterations in SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, and eNOS activity that modify subendothelial basement membrane proteins.

Anatomically specific reactive oxygen species production participates in Marfan syndrome aneurysm formation

“…Needless to say, it remains possible that apocynin has other beneficial off‐target affects, including acting as a ROS‐scavenger, blocking other elastases or increasing SMC proliferation . Several investigators have studied the involvement of ROS in thoracic aortic root/ascending aortic aneurysm formation, including individuals with MFS, as well as patients with bicuspid aortic valves . The hypothesized important role of ROS in MFS aneurysm formation presented here agrees with the findings of Jimenez‐Altayo et al who also reported increased nitrotyrosine residues in both aortic aneurysms and cultured SMC from MFS patients .…”

“…C, In vitro quantification of NADPH oxidase activity by LGCL in Fbn1 AS and Des SMCs treated with AngII or vehicle (n = 6, *P = .03). D, In vitro quantification of NADPH oxidase activity by LGCL in Fbn1 AS SMCs treated with AngII and with either TGF-β neutralizing antibody (TGFb NA) or vehicle (n = 6, *P = .009) ascending aortic aneurysm formation, including individuals with MFS, 24,27,[40][41][42] as well as patients with bicuspid aortic valves. [43][44][45] The hypothesized important role of ROS in MFS aneurysm formation presented here agrees with the findings of Jimenez-Altayo et al who also reported increased nitrotyrosine residues in both aortic aneurysms and cultured SMC from MFS patients.…”

Infusion ofHibiscus sabdariffa L.Modulates Oxidative Stress in Patients with Marfan Syndrome

“…In addition, other studies in animal models of MFS have shown that the expressions of the precursor enzymes of O 2 − , xanthine oxidase, and NADPH oxidase are increased [ 8 ]. A previous study from our laboratory has shown an increase in oxidative stress and an alteration of the antioxidant enzymes super oxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the aortic aneurysm of MFS patients [ 9 ]. In addition, antioxidants enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) require GSH as cofactor for ROS detoxification [ 10 ].…”

Oxidative Damage in Human Aorta of Patients with Advanced Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease

“…Endothelial dysfunction and downregulated NO would contribute to the stiffness, reduced distensibility, and aortic complications such as AOD [ 5 ] . Our results showed a decrease of nitrite levels in SAS group may be due to endothelium dysfunction.…”