Analysis of output characteristics introduced by non-uniform coolant in direct-liquid-cooled multi-disk laser

Xu, Rongkun; Su, Hua; Tang, Bo; Shang, Jianli; Wu, Jing; Jiang, Yi; Cao, Hai-Xia; Ma, Yu; Wang, Ganghua; Shen, Deyuan; Gao, Q.S.; Zhang, Kai; Tang, Chun

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2018.11.069

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The near-field images show that the flow instabilities arise as a series of narrow threads, directed along the flow direction, and appearing randomly. Somehow simi- lar features can be noticed in [19]. Our pattern is much more regular in shape, possibly due to the geometry of the water canal, starting high above the mirror, bound to lead to a strictly parallel flow.…”

mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In usual geometries, the heat transfer coefficient scales as Re 0.5 in the laminar regime [21] and Re 0.8 in the turbulent regime [10]. While Re in the literature rarely exceeds 1100 for immersed amplifiers [19] to maintain an acceptable beam quality, the present study demonstrates the optical viability of the index-leveling method at least up to Re = 4500, that should hence lead to several-fold mitigation of the temperature rise in face-cooled optics. Larger Re values should be investigated in the future.…”

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confidence: 60%

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Index-leveling for forced-flow turbulent face-cooling of laser amplifiers

et al. 2022

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Direct laser slab face-cooling by a fluid crossing the main and pump laser beams is an important method to reach high average laser powers. However, the flow regime is usually maintained at low Reynolds numbers, to prevent the onset of turbulence features in the flow, that would degrade wavefront quality. We show here how bringing the fluid temperature to the thermooptical null point, close to the water/ice transition in the case of water, allows one to mitigate the optical consequences of hydrodynamic instabilities, by bleaching optically the temperature inhomogeneities within the flow. This optical process, dubbed index-leveling, opens the door to a highly efficient forced-flow, weakly turbulent face-cooling regime that should be instrumental to boost the kilowatt capabilities of next generation highpower lasers.

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confidence: 54%

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confidence: 60%

Index-leveling for forced-flow turbulent face-cooling of laser amplifiers

et al. 2022

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“…The amplifier cell was qualified at different repetition rates from 1 shot per few minutes to 1 shot per minute. Emphasis is herein placed on assessment of the mid-spatial-scale (1–10 mm) distortions in amplified wavefronts commonly observed in fluid-cooled amplifiers [ 25 , 26 ] . Such wavefront defects in large-aperture multi-slab laser systems are likely to degrade the focal point quality and, in the worst case, damage optical materials due to Kerr effects and/or amplitude modulation during laser beam propagation [ 17 , 27 ] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mid-spatial frequency wavefront distortions from a liquid-cooled flash-lamp pumped Nd:phosphate laser amplifier

Dalbies,

Cavaro,

Bordenave

et al. 2023

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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Mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformation can be deleterious for the operation of high-energy laser systems. When fluid cooled high-repetition-rate amplifiers are used, the coolant flow is likely to induce such detrimental mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformations. Here, we describe the design and performance of a 90 mm × 90 mm aperture, liquidcooled Nd:phosphate split-slab laser amplifier pumped by flash-lamps. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of wavefront aberration and gain at repetition rates down to 1 shot per minute. The results show that this single cooled split-slab system exhibits low wavefront distortions in the medium to large period range, compatible with a focus on target, and despite the use of liquid coolant traversed by both pump and amplified wavelengths. This makes it a potential candidate for applications in large high-energy laser facilities.

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Thermal effects of direct-liquid-cooled split disk laser

Yang

2022

Optics & Laser Technology

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Analysis of output characteristics introduced by non-uniform coolant in direct-liquid-cooled multi-disk laser

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Index-leveling for forced-flow turbulent face-cooling of laser amplifiers

Index-leveling for forced-flow turbulent face-cooling of laser amplifiers

Analysis of mid-spatial frequency wavefront distortions from a liquid-cooled flash-lamp pumped Nd:phosphate laser amplifier

Thermal effects of direct-liquid-cooled split disk laser

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