Analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples using a continuous membrane permeation extractor

Sun, Zheng; Hardy, James

doi:10.1016/s1093-0191(00)00023-x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…The main disadvantage of CPE is incompatibility of extraction phase with some instrumental analysis such as GC. Analysis of OPPs in water samples using a continuous membrane permeation extractor has been reported by Sun and Hardy [31]. It is time-consuming and less repeatable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using extraction solvent lighter than water

Farajzadeh¹,

Seyedi

Shalamzari

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

190

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For the first time a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method on the basis of an extraction solvent lighter than water was presented in this study. Three organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) were selected as model compounds and the proposed method was carried out for their preconcentration from water samples. In this extraction method, a mixture of cyclohexane (extraction solvent) and acetone (disperser) is rapidly injected into the aqueous sample in a special vessel (see experimental section) by syringe. Thereby, a cloudy solution is formed. In this step, the OPPs are extracted into the fine droplets of cyclohexane dispersed into aqueous phase. After centrifuging the fine droplets of cyclohexane are collected on the upper of the extraction vessel. The upper phase (0.40 microL) is injected into the gas chromatograph (GC) for separation. Analytes were detected by a flame ionization detector (FID) (for high concentrations) or MS (for low concentrations). Some important parameters, such as the kind of extraction and dispersive solvents and volume of them, extraction time, temperature, and salt amount were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors (EFs) ranged from 100 to 150 and extraction recoveries varied between 68 and 105%, both of which are relatively high over those of published methods. The linear ranges were wide (10-100 000 microg/L for GC-FID and 0.01-1 microg/L for GC-MS) and LODs were low (3-4 microg/L for GC-FID and 0.003 microg/L for GC-MS). The RSDs for 100.0 microg/L of each OPP in water were in the range of 5.3-7.8% (n = 5).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%