Abstract:In order to be attractive in a very competitive market, hybrid electric buses and full electric buses need to reduce the total cost of ownership (TCO) compared to conventional buses. In this regard, the sizing of the onboard energy storage and the charging infrastructure becomes a key design stage. An optimal onboard storage and charging facilities are necessary to offer an appropriate vehicle autonomy, but they involve high investment costs for the manufacturer and fleet operator. Furthermore, the complex int… Show more
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