Analysis of Non-ionic Surfactants by HPLC Using Evaporative Light-Scattering Detector

Martín, Natalia

doi:10.1080/10826079508009283

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However the eva-porative light scattering detection (ELSD) appeared to be the best choice for compound of this nature which have relatively low volatility under gradient elution, and because the instrumentation is universally available and compatible [22]. In order to analyze them at the same time a gradient elution technique is needed.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous separation of nonionic surfactants and polyethylene glycols by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

Kamiusuki¹,

Monde²,

Omae³

et al. 2000

Chromatographia

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The simultaneous separation of polyethylene glycol and its derivatives such as the lauryl alcohol and lauric acid ethoxylate oligomers was carried out by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Branched fluorinated silica gel columns combined with evaporative light scattering detection were used for the characterization of nonionic surfactants. Lauryl alcohol ethoxylate oligomers were separated at 10 ~ with an isocratic eluent according to ethoxylate number and the retention time of the oligomers decreases with increasing ethoxylate number. The Van't Hoffplots of retention factor of lauryl alcohol ethoxylate gave a complex cure, which is anomalous behavior for reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The anomalous Van't Holt plots were explained by a partial conformational change from polar to less polar conformers with increasing temperature. The most significant features for the analysis of the lauryl alcohol ethoxylate were the use of acetonitrile as mobile phase and operating temperature. The polyethylene glycol was separated according to ethoxylate number and the retention time of oligomers increased with increasing ethoxylate number. The Van't Hoffplots of retention factor of polyethylene glycol had negative slopes. It was presumed that the polar conformation of the ethylene oxide chain decreased with increasing temperature. The lauryl alcohol ethoxylate and polyethylene glycol were separated simultaneously in gradient elution as a result of the conformational change of the ethylene oxide chain. As a practical example, lauric acid ethoxylate simultaneously separated into free polyethylene glycol, ethoxylate monolaurate and ethoxylate dilaurate in gradient elution.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous separation of nonionic surfactants and polyethylene glycols by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

Kamiusuki¹,

Monde²,

Omae³

et al. 2000

Chromatographia

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“…Due to the compositional complexity of nonionic surfactant blends, their structural characterization requires analytical techniques that involve separation prior to detection. Since the surfactant constituents vary in polarity, they are ideally suited for fractionation by polarity-based techniques like gas chromatography (GC) , and liquid chromatography (LC). , Traditionally, these modes of separation have been paired with ultraviolet (UV), , refractive index (RI), or evaporative light scattering (ELS) , detection. However, the latter methods lack selectivity and, hence, become inadequate with increasing mixture complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry of Multicomponent Nonionic Surfactant Blends

2021

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Ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and ion mobility (IM) spectrometry were interfaced with mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to characterize a complex nonionic surfactant mixture. The surfactant was composed of a glycerol core, functionalized with poly(ethylene oxide) units (PEO n ) that were partially esterified by caprylic and/or capric acid. Reversed-phase UPLC classified the blend based on polarity into four groups of eluates, corresponding to compounds with zero, one, two, or three fatty acid residues. Additional separation within each eluate group was achieved according to the length of the fatty acid chains. Coeluting molecules of similar polarity were dispersed in the gas phase by their collision cross section in the IM dimension. Performed in series, UPLC and IM allowed for the separation and detection of several isomeric and isobaric blend constituents, thereby enabling their isolation for conclusive MS/MS analysis to confirm or elucidate their primary structures and architectures (overall four-dimensional, 4D, characterization).

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“…The one reported method applicable to ethoxylated fatty amines was limited to a mean EO content of only 15 moles owing to the ion-pair/fluorescence detection system used (12). Use of an evaporative lightscattering detector for HPLC applications allows for detection of polyalkoxylated compounds with no molecular weight limitations (13). Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry RN has recently been used for the analysis of some synthetic surfactants (14)(15)(16)(17)(18); however, ethoxylated fatty amines have not been evaluated using this technique.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of ethoxylated fatty amines. Comparison of methods for the determination of molecular weight

Lang

Parra-Diaz

Jacobs

1999

J Surfact & Detergents

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Specific lengths of the fatty and polyoxyethylene chains of ethoxylated fatty amines are critical to their performance in specific applications, and thus the ability to characterize these surfactants accurately is crucial. Normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrixassisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry methods were developed to determine with accuracy the molecular weight and degree of ethoxylation of ethoxylated fatty amines. Ethoxylated fatty amines were analyzed using these methods, and comparison was made to molecular weight determinations using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), neutralization equivalent weight, and hydroxyl value methods. Molecular weight results from normalphase HPLC analyses were in very good agreement with MALDI-TOF results, typically varying less than one ethylene oxide unit. A reversed-phase HPLC method was developed to determine concentrations of polyethylene glycols (PEG) and fatty homologs. PEG interfered with molecular weight determinations by NMR, neutralization equivalent weight, and hydroxyl value methods. PEG caused no interference with molecular weight determinations by normal-phase HPLC and MALDI-TOF methods.

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Analysis of Non-ionic Surfactants by HPLC Using Evaporative Light-Scattering Detector

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Simultaneous separation of nonionic surfactants and polyethylene glycols by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

Simultaneous separation of nonionic surfactants and polyethylene glycols by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry of Multicomponent Nonionic Surfactant Blends

Analysis of ethoxylated fatty amines. Comparison of methods for the determination of molecular weight

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