Analysis of Nitrogen Sorption Data of Chemically Activated Carbon by the Application of Adsorption Models Based on Surface Coverage and Volume Filling of Micropores. 1. Phosphoric Acid Activated Carbons

Hourieh, M.A.; Alaya, M.N.; Youssef, A.M.; El-Sejariah, F.

doi:10.1177/026361749901700806

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The carbonized mass was washed till the pH of the supernatant was 6.5 and then dried and stored. Details of activation with phosphoric acid are given elsewhere [17]. Steam-activated carbon (CS) was obtained by gasifying 600ºC-carbonization product of (D) with steam at 950ºC to a burn-off = 50%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pesticide (Endosulphan) from Water via Adsorption onto Activated Carbons Developed from Date Pits

Ashour¹

2007

Carbon letters

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Activated carbons were prepared by impregnation of crushed clean date pits in concentrated solutions of phosphoric acid or zinc chloride followed by carbonization in absence of air at 600ºC. Steam-activated carbon was prepared by gasifying 600ºCcarbonization product at 950ºC to a burn-off = 50%. KOH-activated carbon was prepared by impregnating date pitscarbonization product obtained at 450ºC in concentrated KOH solution followed by carbonization at 840ºC. Textural properties of these carbons were determined from nitrogen adsorption at −196ºC and the chemistry of the carbon surface was investigated by determination and of the surface carbon-oxygen (C-O) groups using bases of variable strength and dilute HCl. The adsorption of endosulphan at 27ºC on all the carbons prepared was undertaken. Adsorption of this pesticide at 32 and 37ºC was also undertaken for steam-activated and KOH-activated carbons. Phosphoric acid-activated carbons and steamactivated carbons are mainly microporous and have high surface concentration of C-O groups of acidic nature. Steamactivated and KOH-activated carbons exhibited surface areas > 1000 m 2 /g and contain micro and non-micrpores. The adsorption of endosulphan was related to the surface area of non-micropores and was retarded by the high concentration of surface C-O groups. The thermodynamic properties indicated the feasibility of the adsorption process and the possible regeneration of the carbon for further use.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pesticide (Endosulphan) from Water via Adsorption onto Activated Carbons Developed from Date Pits

Ashour¹

2007

Carbon letters

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“…Similarly, the designations CWP-300, CWP-400, CWP-450, CWP-500 and CWP-600 relate to samples obtained from wild black cherry stones (CW). Further details have been given elsewhere (Khalil 1996;Hourieh et al 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that the micropores in the samples studied fall into more than one class. Indeed, micropores may be subdivided into ultramicropores (less than 0.4 nm diameter) in which adsorption is controlled by activated diffusion, small micropores with diameters in the range 0.5-1.5 nm and supermicropores with diameters within the 1.5-2.0 nm range (Hourieh et al 1999;Alaya et al 2000). Different approaches should therefore be recommended for the characterization of microporous carbons (Rodriguez-Reinoso et al 1989).…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Adsorption Data of Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide on Chemically-Activated Carbons from Cherry and Wild Cherry Stones by considering Different Approaches Based on Different Models

Alaya

Hourieh

El-Sejariah

et al. 2001

Adsorption Science & Technology

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Activated carbons were prepared by activation of cherry and wild cherry stones with phosphoric acid and zinc chloride. The adsorption of nitrogen at −196°C and of carbon dioxide at 0°C was followed and the data obtained analyzed through the use of models based on theories of surface coverage and micropore filling. Chemically-activated carbons obtained from cherry and wild cherry stones exhibited high surface areas and large total pore volumes. Most of the pores lay in the micropore region while a small fraction of the total surface area was located in non-micropores. Fair agreement was established on comparing the textural parameters derived from models based on the theory of surface coverage with those derived from the micropore filling theory. Micropores should be classified into ultrafine pores, micropores and super-micropores, such sub-division helping in the prediction of the adsorption behaviour and in the interpretation of the data derived therefrom.

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“…The activated carbons thus obtained were designated OP-300, OP-400, OP-450, OP-500 and OP-600 according to the carbonization temperature employed. More details regarding this method of preparation are given elsewhere (Khalil 1996;Hourieh et al 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically Activated Carbons from Olive Stones — Peculiarities of Pore Structure and Interpretation of Nitrogen Adsorption Data

Hourieh

Alaya

El-Sejariah

et al. 2000

Adsorption Science & Technology

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Chemically activated carbons were obtained from olive stones either by carbonization with H 3 PO 4 at 300-600ºC or by carbonization with ZnCl 2 at 600ºC. Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K was determined for all the activated carbons. The adsorption data were interpreted by considering some conventional adsorption models.Maximum activation with H 3 PO 4 occurred at 450ºC. However, the adsorption capacities of the ZnCl 2 -activated carbons were far higher than those of carbons activated with H 3 PO 4 . Carbons activated with H 3 PO 4 or ZnCl 2 are mainly microporous with the non-micropores representing a small fraction of the total porosity. Although, the nitrogen isotherms are Langmuirian in shape, application of the Langmuir equation led to large monolayer capacities of uncertain confidence. The surface areas and micropore volumes determined by the application of the t-method of de Boer and the a S -method of Sing were comparable and were slightly higher than those determined by the application of the DR model based on micropore filling. The t-method and the a S -method are complementary to each other and would seem to give confident values because they are based on standard reference non-porous materials. The micropore region may be sub-divided into two sub-regions distinguished by the different filling mechanisms involved.

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Analysis of Nitrogen Sorption Data of Chemically Activated Carbon by the Application of Adsorption Models Based on Surface Coverage and Volume Filling of Micropores. 1. Phosphoric Acid Activated Carbons

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Removal of Pesticide (Endosulphan) from Water via Adsorption onto Activated Carbons Developed from Date Pits

Removal of Pesticide (Endosulphan) from Water via Adsorption onto Activated Carbons Developed from Date Pits

Analysis of Adsorption Data of Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide on Chemically-Activated Carbons from Cherry and Wild Cherry Stones by considering Different Approaches Based on Different Models

Chemically Activated Carbons from Olive Stones — Peculiarities of Pore Structure and Interpretation of Nitrogen Adsorption Data

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