Analysis of modern practice of remote forms of medical consultations and dispensary observation of patients with ischemic heart disease (literature review)

Abstract

Aim. To describe modern opinions about the role of remote technologies in the dispensary observation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Materials and methods. The data of 57 scientific sources published in the russian and foreign press in 1984-2018 are considered. Results and conclusion. It is generally recognized that patients with myocardial infarction need cardiac rehabilitation, but the frequency of their participation in its programs remains low due to transport problems, unwillingness to leave home due to anxiety and depression, and to change the mode of the day due to the need for ambulant visits, etc. Modern achievements of telemedicine solve these problems and allow doctors to monitor the status of patients remotely. All types of telemetry devices have some advantages: external cardiomonitoring systems in real time quickly collect and transmit the most complete information without the participation of the patient, standard non-loop and loop recorders are inexpensive and widely available, and adhesive patch recorders are very easy to use and increase compliance. The use of mobile applications and SMS in the framework of remote cardiorehabilitation has not been sufficiently studied, but data on their effectiveness in correcting the behavior of patients have already been collected. Experts have not yet come to a consensus on the effectiveness of complex tele-cardiorehabilitation, including telemetry, telecoaching and teleconsulting, but many studies have shown that it is a worthy alternative to traditional rehabilitation programs, as it has higher rates of attendance.