Analysis of Mispronunciation of Makhārij Al-Hurūf in Arabic Hiwār Learning

Abstract

This research aims to identify the locations of mispronunciations of the makhārij al-hurūf in conversations (hiwār) in the VII PPS Babussalam class in the city of Bandung. Additionally, it serves as an evaluation tool for Arabic language learning to improve the learning process and provide solutions or treatments to students to enhance their makhārij al-hurūf pronunciation. Correcting makhārij al-hurūf errors is crucial as they can affect the meaning. This research utilizes a qualitative descriptive research method. The population of this research includes all the students in the VII PPS Babussalam class in the city of Bandung, and it was conducted on May 17, 2023, at the VII PPS Babussalam class in Bandung. Data collection involved interviews, tests, and documentation, followed by analyzing all data in narrative form. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that there are 426 mispronunciations of makhārij al-hurūf in the hiwār in the VII PPS Babussalam class in Bandung. These errors include mispronunciations in Al-Jauf (Mouth Cavity), totaling three errors with a percentage of 0.70%, falling into the deficient category; mispronunciations in Al-halq (Throat), totaling 204 errors with a percentage of 47.89%; falling into the high category; mispronunciations in al-lisān (Tongue), totaling 171 errors with a percentage of 40.14%, also falling into the high category; mispronunciations in al-syafatain (Two Lips), totaling 35 errors with a percentage of 8.22%, falling into the low category; and mispronunciations in Al-Khaiysyum (Nasal Cavity), totaling 13 errors with a percentage of 3.05%, falling into the low category. These pronunciation errors occur due to the student's lack of understanding of the correct makhārij al-hurūf pronunciation, such as not being aware of the pronunciation differences between Indonesian and Arabic, the absence of specific attention from teachers to correct each student's pronunciation, and the lack of practice. This study recommends further research in analyzing the mispronunciation of makhārij al-hurūf letters with different research objects, namely the mispronunciation of makhārij al-hurūf letters in Arabic news.