Analysis of microbiological trends in peritoneal dialysis–related peritonitis from 1991 to 1998

Zelenitsky, Sheryl; Barns, Linda; Findlay, Ian; Alfa, Michelle J.; Ariano, Robert E.; Fine, Adrian; Harding, G. K. M.

doi:10.1053/ajkd.2000.19103

Cited by 169 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Systematic data on antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens isolated exclusively from PD-related infections are limited. Zelenitsky et al, in 2000, reported a significant increase in antibiotic resistance (20). In his study, the most dramatic increase in antibiotic resistance was seen among S. epidermidis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Microbiology and Outcomes of Peritonitis in Northern India

Prasad¹,

Singh²,

Rizwan³

et al. 2014

Peritoneal Dialysis International

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Overall, death was higher in patients with peritonitis due to E. coli, and catheter loss had significant association with CONS infection. (19,20). Currently, the incidence of peritonitis has further decreased to 0.33 episodes per patient-year; in some centers, the incidence is as low as 0.2 episodes per patient-year (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology and Outcomes of Peritonitis in Northern India

Prasad¹,

Singh²,

Rizwan³

et al. 2014

Peritoneal Dialysis International

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“…continuous dosing of antibiotics are equally efficacious (88). Therapy is initiated prior to knowledge of the causative organism and should be initiated as soon as possible after appropriate microbiological specimens have been obtained.…”

Section: Empiric Antibiotic Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections Recommendations: 2010 Update

et al. 2010

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“…In many centers, coagulasenegative Staphylococcus (CNS) species are its most frequent causes. In general, CNS peritonitis presents a mild clinical course and has a high resolution rate; however, CNS has shown an increasing methicillin resistance rate (3,4). The CNS group comprises .40 species (5), some of which are already well established as causes of PD-related peritonitis, particularly Staphylococcus epidermidis (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peritoneal Dialysis–Related Peritonitis due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus

Camargo

Cunha

Júnior

et al. 2014

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Background and objectives Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) is the most frequent cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis in many centers. This study aimed to describe clinical and microbiologic characteristics of 115 CNS episodes and to determine factors influencing the outcome.Design, setting, participants, & measurements This study reviewed the records of 115 CNS peritonitis episodes that occurred in 74 patients between 1994 and 2011 at a single university center. Peritonitis incidences were calculated for three consecutive 6-year periods (P1, 1994-1999; P2, 2000-2005; P3, 2006-2011) and annually. The production of biofilms, enzymes, and toxins was evaluated. Oxacillin resistance was evaluated based on its minimum inhibitory concentration and the presence of the mecA gene.Results The overall incidence of CNS peritonitis was 0.15 episodes per patient per year and did not vary over time (0.12, 0.14, and 0.16 for P1, P2, and P3, respectively; P=0.21). The oxacillin resistance rate was 69.6%. Toxin and enzyme production was infrequent and 36.5% of CNS strains presented the gene encoding biofilm production. The presence of icaAD genes associated with biofilm production was predictive of relapses or repeat episodes (odds ratio [OR], 2.82; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.11 to 7.19; P=0.03). Overall, 70 episodes (60.9%) resolved; oxacillin susceptibility (OR, 4.41; 95% CI, 1.48 to 13.17; P=0.01) and vancomycin use as the first treatment (OR, 22.27; 95% CI, 6.16 to 80.53; P,0.001) were the only independent predictors of resolution.Conclusions Oxacillin resistance and vancomycin use as the first treatment strongly influence the resolution rate in CNS peritonitis, which reinforces the validity of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines on monitoring bacterial resistance to define protocols for initial treatment. These results also suggest that the presence of biofilm is a potential cause of repeat peritonitis episodes.

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Analysis of microbiological trends in peritoneal dialysis–related peritonitis from 1991 to 1998

Cited by 169 publications

References 16 publications

Microbiology and Outcomes of Peritonitis in Northern India

Microbiology and Outcomes of Peritonitis in Northern India

Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections Recommendations: 2010 Update

Peritoneal Dialysis–Related Peritonitis due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus

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