Analysis of Mexican cigarettes by INAA

Martı́nez, T.; Aguilar, Fernando De La Torre; Lartigue, J.; Navarrete, M.; Cuapio, L. A.; Lopez, C.; Morales, O. Y.

doi:10.1007/s10967-008-0801-9

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…The levels of the studied heavy metals in the present tobacco leaf samples are lower than the reported values in the literature (9,30). For instance, the level of Mn obtained in the current raw tobacco leaves are much lower than the Mn level reported from tobacco cigarettes of different countries such as Spain (112.03 mg/kg) (31), Nigeria (44.67-297.69 mg/kg) (32), Pakistan (45.03 mg/kg) (33), and Mexico (108 -244.26) (34). These variations might be observed due to the difference in the level of heavy metals in the soil where the plant has cultivated.…”

Section: Validation Of the Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 54%

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaves and Their Farmland Soils of Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

Asere¹,

Shif²,

Gure³

2021

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry

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Tobacco is a commercial plant that can accumulate heavy metals in its leaves. In this study, the levels of selected heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) were determined in tobacco leaves and its farmland soils from Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia. All samples were collected from five tobacco farmlands. The samples were digested before quantitative determinations of the metals via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Repeatability and recovery studies were used to evaluate the efficiency of the method. Repeatability was evaluated by analyzing replicate samples and expressed as relative standard deviations (RSD%) were below 10.0. Recovery or percent recovery (R%) studies which were performed by spiking known concentrations of the metals into the samples from 85.67 -111.33% and 84.25 -114.00% for tobacco leaves and soil samples, respectively, indicating that the employed method is valid for the analysis of the metals. The concentrations of metals in tobacco leaf samples were 0.75 1.18 mg/kg, Mn; 0.11 -0.21 mg/kg, Cu; 0.58 -1.16 mg/kg, Zn; and not quantified -0.01 mg/kg, Cd whereas their concentrations in soil samples were 1.59 -8.04 mg/kg, Mn; 0.32 -0.38 mg/kg, Cu; and 0.29 -1.26 mg/kg, Zn; and 0.17 -0.31 mg/kg, Pb. Except in one tobacco leaves sample, Pb concentration was below LOQ. Similarly, in all soil samples, the concentration of Cd concentration was below LOQ. The findings indicated that the concentrations of the studied heavy metals in both tobacco leaf and soil samples were below the critical limits.

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Section: Validation Of the Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 54%

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaves and Their Farmland Soils of Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

Asere¹,

Shif²,

Gure³

2021

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry

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Toxic metals in cigarettes and human health risk assessment associated with inhalation exposure

Benson

Anake

Adedapo

et al. 2017

Environ Monit Assess

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This study evaluated the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in 10 branded cigarettes commonly consumed in Nigeria. Chemical sequential extraction method and pseudo-total metal digestion procedure were used for extraction of metals from filler tobacco and filter samples. Samples were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The filler tobacco of cigarettes had Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn concentrations in the ranges of 5.90-7.94, 18.26-34.94, 192.61-3494.05, 44.67-297.69, 17.21-74.78, and 47.02-167.31 μg/cigarette, respectively. The minimum and maximum concentrations in the filter samples were 8.67-12.34 μg/g of Cd, 1.77-36.48 μg/g of Cu, 1.83-15.27 μg/g of Fe, 3.82-7.44 μg/g of Mn, 4.09-13.78 μg/g of Pb, and 30.07-46.70 μg/g of Zn. The results of this study showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in the filler tobacco samples were consistently higher than those obtained for the cigarette filters except for Cd. Toxic metals were largely found in the most labile chemical fractions. Moderate to very high risks are found associated with potential exposure to Cd and Pb. The carcinogenic risks posed by Cd and Pb ranged between 1.87E-02 and 2.52E-02, 1.05E-03 and 4.76E-03, respectively, while the non-carcinogenic risk estimates for Cd and Pb were greater than 1.0 (HI > 1). Toxic metals in cigarette may have significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects associated with inhalation exposure. Continuous monitoring and regulations of the ingredients of imported and locally produced tobacco products are advocated.

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Heavy metals in popularly sold branded cigarettes in Bangladesh and associated health hazards from inhalation exposure

Hasan,

Hossain,

Abrarin

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Analysis of Mexican cigarettes by INAA

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaves and Their Farmland Soils of Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaves and Their Farmland Soils of Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

Toxic metals in cigarettes and human health risk assessment associated with inhalation exposure

Heavy metals in popularly sold branded cigarettes in Bangladesh and associated health hazards from inhalation exposure

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