Analysis of melamine resins by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometric detection

Abstract

A method for the determination of the major components of (methoxymethyl)melamine resins, with quantitative analysis of unreacted melamine by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is presented. Using a low background electrolyte (BGE) pH, components are separated according to their charge/ionic radius ratio with a distinctly different separation selectivity compared to the HPLC methods commonly employed in melamine-resin analysis. The use of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) was concluded to be necessary, as the complex samples studied required maximum sensitivity and resolution, which is clearly superior for TOF-MS detectors over their quadrupole counterparts. A standard curve of free melamine was determined with an R(2) = 0.999 over a concentration range of an order of magnitude. This method offers the unique separation selectivity of CZE as well as a quicker analysis time, especially for dimers compared to the HPLC methods used to date.

A Sensitive Electrochemical Approach for Melamine Detection Using a Disposable Screen Printed Carbon Electrode

“…The growing concern over tainted milk products requires a simple and effective method for the analysis of melamine in these products. The detection and estimation of melamine have been done by utilizing different types of analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography [2], high performance liquid chromatography [3], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [4], colorimetry [5], high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry [6], surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy [7], capillary zone electrophoresis/mass spectrometry [8], surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry [9], and capillary zone electrophoresis with diode array detection [10]. Yet, there is still an increasing demand for fast, simple, convenient, and sensitive methods to solve this melamine detection problem.…”

Analysis of melamine in milk powder by CZE using UV detection and hyphenation with ESI quadrupole/TOF MS detection

“…In particular, the combination of CZE with MS detection holds substantial potential for the determination of trace compounds in complex matrices [8][9][10]. Although very few papers describe the use of CZE for melamine analysis in different melamine-formaldehyde type resins [11,12], no report on the successful application of CZE for melamine analysis in food can be found in the literature.…”

Determination of Melamine in Dairy Products and Melamine Tableware by Inhibition Electrochemiluminescent Method

“…Many analytical techniques are available to determine melamine in pet foods and dairy products, such as high performance liquid chromatography, 1 high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), 2 capillary zone electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CZE-MS), 3 capillary zone electrophoresis with diode array detection (CZE-DAD), 4 ultrasound-assisted extractive electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (EESI-MS). 5 Most of above mentioned methods required expensive apparatus, time-consuming sample pretreatment and professional operators.…”