Analysis of mass transport in ionic liquids: a rotating disk electrode approach

Giaccherini, Andrea; Khatib, Maher Al; Cinotti, Serena; Piciollo, Emanuele; Berretti, Enrico; Giusti, P.; Innocenti, Massimo; Montegrossi, Giordano; Lavacchi, Alessandro

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70301-w

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, short and branched clusters were observed at the ends of the Pt BPE (Figure a). However, the extremely high viscosity of this IL negatively influenced the mass transport hampering the electrodeposition process and, at the same time, also affected the electrophoretic motion of cationic oligomers/polymers, with the result to prevent fine fiber formation, as we previously reported for a dilute electrolyte solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

AC-Bipolar Electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in Ionic Liquids

et al. 2023

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Recently, alternating current (AC)-bipolar electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) has been reported to produce poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) fibers from the terminals of bipolar electrodes in acetonitrile solution (MeCN) containing low concentrations of supporting salts in a template-free manner. Here, we extend such methodology in ionic liquid (IL) media. Three kinds of ILs, diethylmethyl(2methoxyethyl)ammonium tetrafluoroborate ( and d i e t h y l m e t h y l ( 2 -m e t h o x y e t h y l ) a m m o n i u m b i s -(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([DEME][TFSI]), with different electric field transmission efficiencies and diffusion coefficients were employed as solvents for the AC-bipolar electropolymerization of EDOT. A variety of PEDOT morphologies were obtained in these three ILs, showing a relationship with the physicochemical properties of the ILs. We successfully confirmed the growth of PEDOT fibers in ILs and systematically discussed the factors that influenced their growth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

AC-Bipolar Electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in Ionic Liquids

et al. 2023

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“…Results of experiments using a rotating-disk apparatus (Gregory & Riddiford 1956;Pokrovsky et al 2005;Giaccherini et al 2020) are inevitably analysed within the framework developed by von Kármán (1921), Cochran (1934) and Levich (1962). The mass transfer at the reactive surface can be described by an effective rate constant,…”

Section: Instabilities In Rotating-disk Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2005; Giaccherini et al. 2020) are inevitably analysed within the framework developed by von Kármán (1921), Cochran (1934) and Levich (1962). The mass transfer at the reactive surface can be described by an effective rate constant, where is the intrinsic surface reaction rate and is the thickness of the concentration boundary layer.…”

Section: Instabilities In Rotating-disk Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset of instabilities in rotating flows by direct numerical simulation

Liu

Ladd

2022

J. Fluid Mech.

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A rotating disk is the canonical experiment for measuring surface reaction rates in geochemical and electrochemical systems. Using the similarity solution for laminar flow around an infinite disk, the mass transfer coefficient can be simply related to the intrinsic reaction rate at the surface. However, measurements of mass transfer rates use a finite-size disk within a larger container of solution; here the flow is no longer strictly laminar, but there must always be some recirculation. Our interest was initially in the assumption of a uniform radial concentration field, how this breaks down near the perimeter of the disk, and what effect that might have on the measured mass transfer rates. However, our numerical simulations suggest that the flow around a finite-size disk becomes time dependent at Reynolds number ( $Re$ ) below 1000, which is much smaller than the typical values in mass-transfer measurements ( ${Re} \sim 10^4$ ). We observe the formation of coherent structures in the flow, which suggest a non-uniform mass transfer at the disk surface. The rotating-disk flow follows a similar sequence of instabilities to the Taylor–Couette flow: a centrifugal instability leading an axisymmetric, time-invariant flow, followed by a Hopf bifurcation to a time-periodic flow. To minimise the possibility that our results are a numerical artefact, we have also simulated the instability in the stationary boundary layer of a rotor–stator flow, comparing with self-similar solutions at low ${Re}$ and with spectral methods near the critical Reynolds number.

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“…Moreover, only a small amount of RTIL can be used to realize a thin and small sensor [9]. However, the diffusion transport issue leads to a slow response time and decreased sensitivity due to its inherent physical high viscosity property [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Array of Miniaturized Amperometric Gas Sensors Using Atomic Gold Decorated Pt/PANI Electrodes in Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Films

Faricha

Yoshida

Chakraborty

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Miniaturized sensors possess many advantages, such as rapid response, easy chip integration, a possible lower concentration of target compound detection, etc. However, a major issue reported is a low signal response. In this study, a catalyst, the atomic gold clusters of Aun where n = 2, was decorated at a platinum/polyaniline (Pt/PANI) working electrode to enhance the sensitivity of butanol isomers gas measurement. Isomer quantification is challenging because this compound has the same chemical formula and molar mass. Furthermore, to create a tiny sensor, a microliter of room-temperature ionic liquid was used as an electrolyte. The combination of the Au2 clusters decorated Pt/PANI and room temperature ionic liquid with several fixed electrochemical potentials was explored to obtain a high solubility of each analyte. According to the results, the presence of Au2 clusters increased the current density due to electrocatalytic activity compared to the electrode without Au2 clusters. In addition, the Au2 clusters on the modified electrode had a more linear concentration dependency trend than the modified electrode without atomic gold clusters. Finally, the separation among butanol isomers was enhanced using different combination of room-temperature ionic liquids and fixed potentials.

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Analysis of mass transport in ionic liquids: a rotating disk electrode approach

Cited by 8 publications

References 57 publications

AC-Bipolar Electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in Ionic Liquids

AC-Bipolar Electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in Ionic Liquids

Onset of instabilities in rotating flows by direct numerical simulation

Array of Miniaturized Amperometric Gas Sensors Using Atomic Gold Decorated Pt/PANI Electrodes in Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Films

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