“…In the process of oil and gas drilling and production, the core components of downhole tools such as the bypass valve and flow control valve will cause permanent component failure and system damage due to serious erosion wear, which greatly affect the efficiency and productivity of oil and gas production. , Theoretical studies indicate that erosion wear is caused by the influence of solid-phase particles on the material surface, primarily categorized into solid particle erosion, liquid erosion, and cavitation erosion. Solid particle erosion is further divided into gas–solid and liquid–solid erosion.…”