Analysis of lower GWP and flammable alternative refrigerants

Yang, Zhao; Feng, Biao; Ma, Hua; Zhang, Lei; Duan, Chenjun; Liu, Bing; Zhang, Yong; Chen, Siyi; Yang, Zhenwen

doi:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2021.01.022

Cited by 115 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In general, mixed refrigerants are preferred as alternative refrigerants due to theirs lower GWP rates. In the selection of refrigerants, good thermophysical properties, its safety (toxicity and flammability), economy, environmental protection, and cycle performance parameters must be sought [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Energetic, Exergetic, Environmental and Enviroeconomic Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems Using R515B as Substitute for R134a

Yildirim

Şahin

Dikmen

2022

International Journal of Thermodynamics

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In this study, hydrofluoroolefin R515B was used rather than hydrofluorocarbon R134a to perform energetic, exergetic, environmental and enviroeconomic analyses on vapor-compression refrigeration systems with internal heat exchangers. The exergy efficiency, exergy destruction, and coefficient of performance for cooling mode (COP) were studied. EES (Engineering Equation Solver) program was employed for thermodynamic analysis. The impact on the COP, exergy destruction, and exergy efficiency of the system was investigated at various evaporator and condenser temperatures. Performance analysis shows that the COP of R515B refrigerant is like that of R134a. It has been found that the exergetic efficiency of R515B was slightly lower (about 1.40%) than that of R134a. It has also been found that at higher evaporation temperatures, the total exergy destruction increases. The most important exergy destruction occurs in the compressor. The environmental and enviroeconomic indexes of R515B refrigerant were like those of R134a. The results demonstrated that R515B may be a good alternative to R134a in the vapourcompression refrigeration systems with internal heat exchangers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Energetic, Exergetic, Environmental and Enviroeconomic Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems Using R515B as Substitute for R134a

Yildirim

Şahin

Dikmen

2022

International Journal of Thermodynamics

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“…The refrigerants used in heat pumps and operating temperatures significantly affect the efficiency (COP) of heat pumps. For this reason, it is significant to choose suitable refrigerants to achieve high efficiency under desired operating conditions (Yang et al, 2021). Calm has examined the development of refrigerants since 1830 in four categories (Figure 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, with Montreal Protocol's Kigali Amendment on January 1, 2019, coming into force, strict requirements have been imposed for refrigerants. For example, HFCs (Hydrofluorocarbons) have been included in organized schedules (Arora et al, 2018;Calm, 2008;Ciconkov, 2018;Heredia-Aricapa et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2021). These days, researchers have been seeking alternative refrigerants which have low global warming potential (GWP) and zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) to deal with global warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of The Use R450A as an Alternative to R134a in Low and Medium Temperature Heat Pump Systems: 4-E (Energy, Exergy, Environmental and Enviro-Economic) Analysis

Yildirim

2021

Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences

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This investigation presents a theoretical evaluation of the use R450A replace to R134a in the low and medium temperature heat pump systems. The energy, exergy, environmental and enviro-economic analyzes of heat pumps have been performed for two refrigerants (R134a and its alternative R450A). The thermodynamic and environmental analyses have been made for two heat source temperatures (10 o C and 20 o C) and six heat sink temperatures (from 30 o C to 55 o C). It has been observed that R450A's mass flow rate is lower than R134a. Because the density of R450A in the heat pump suction line is lower than R134a. Although the heating capacity of R134a is more than R450A, the reason why R134a has a similar COP value with R450A is that R450A's compressor energy consumption is lower than R134a. Exergy destruction occurred mostly in the compressor under all operating conditions for both refrigerants. At low heat sink temperatures, minimum exergy destruction occurs in the expansion valve, as the minimum exergy destruction occurs in the evaporator at high heat sink temperatures. The exergy results show that R450A behaves similarly to R134a. In conclusion, as alternative refrigerant R450A can be used in heat pumps replace to R134a according to energy, exergy, environmental and environmental-economic analysis results.

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“…Of course, this is usually the case when it is technically and economically justified -(not so, as it is a requirement and therefore both equipment manufacturers and users must technically comply with the legal guidelines under the Montreal Protocol) [28]. Alternative substitutes are starting to play an important role in the refrigeration industry, where trends are constantly moving towards new, low GWP substances with a low environmental impact [6,14,17,44]. It can be seen that, in line with the European Union's strategy and numerous global regulations limiting the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases, the direction of replacing refrigerants with more environmentally friendly ones is only a matter of time [11,38,39,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of adapting the cooling installation in a food cold storage system to the applicable f-gas regulations

Brański

Ruciński

2021

iboa

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The paper presents the methodology of the analysis of the cooling system reconstruction in a food cold store under the regulations applicable from the beginning of 2020. They result from the so-called the F-Gas Act concerns the use of refrigerants with a low environmental impact. First, the elements of the existing regulations on the use of refrigerants were discussed. This part of article focus mainly on the F-Gas Act and the regulations it entails. Then, the refrigerants used so far in refrigeration systems were compared with substitutes, which were the only ones that have been approved for use since 2020, thanks to the low GWP index. Their properties are briefly described, along with the benefits (primarily for the environment) of their use. The main part of the work is the analysis of the reconstruction of the cooling system to use an alternative refrigerant. During the work, the construction of the cold storage was analyzed together with the system currently working in analysed location. Then, the heat balance was calculated, thanks to which it was possible to determine the demand for cold. Than, several refrigerants that meet the latest standards and application regulations were selected. Their operating parameters were examined, the possible variants of use were compared in relation to the determined demand for cooling and the most important operational features were summarized.

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Analysis of lower GWP and flammable alternative refrigerants

Cited by 115 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative Energetic, Exergetic, Environmental and Enviroeconomic Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems Using R515B as Substitute for R134a

Comparative Energetic, Exergetic, Environmental and Enviroeconomic Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems Using R515B as Substitute for R134a

Evaluation of The Use R450A as an Alternative to R134a in Low and Medium Temperature Heat Pump Systems: 4-E (Energy, Exergy, Environmental and Enviro-Economic) Analysis

Aspects of adapting the cooling installation in a food cold storage system to the applicable f-gas regulations

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