Analysis of Long-Side-Chain Alkylaromatics in Crude Oil for Evaluation of Their Fate in the Environment

Dutta, Tapan K.; Harayama, Shigeaki

doi:10.1021/es001165a

Cited by 62 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Oil is a complex mixture made up of hundreds of compounds, and these compounds are classified into four groups, namely, saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (12). Aromatics are the second most abundant hydrocarbons in crude oil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bacteria Belonging to the Genus Cycloclasticus Play a Primary Role in the Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Released in a Marine Environment

Kasai

Kishira

Harayama

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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218

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To identify the bacteria that play a major role in the aerobic degradation of petroleum polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a marine environment, bacteria were enriched from seawater by using 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene, or anthracene as a carbon and energy source. We found that members of the genus Cycloclasticus became predominant in the enrichment cultures. The Cycloclasticus strains isolated in this study could grow on crude oil and degraded PAH components of crude oil, including unsubstituted and substituted naphthalenes, dibenzothiophenes, phenanthrenes, and fluorenes. To deduce the role of Cycloclasticus strains in a coastal zone oil spill, propagation of this bacterial group on oil-coated grains of gravel immersed in seawater was investigated in beach-simulating tanks that were 1 m wide by 1.5 m long by 1 m high. The tanks were two-thirds filled with gravel, and seawater was continuously introduced into the tanks; the water level was varied between 30 cm above and 30 cm below the surface of the gravel layer to simulate a 12-h tidal cycle. The number of Cycloclasticus cells associated with the grains was on the order of 10 3 cells/g of grains before crude oil was added to the tanks and increased to 3 ؋ 10 6 cells/g of grains after crude oil was added. The number increased further after 14 days to 10 8 cells/g of grains when nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were added, while the number remained 3 ؋ 10 6 cells/g of grains when no fertilizers were added. PAH degradation proceeded parallel with the growth of Cycloclasticus cells on the surfaces of the oil-polluted grains of gravel. These observations suggest that bacteria belonging to the genus Cycloclasticus play an important role in the degradation of petroleum PAHs in a marine environment.An oil spill is one of the most serious disasters that can occur in a marine environment (22,23). In the early stage of an oil spill, the light fraction of the oil evaporates, while the heavier fraction is slowly removed by photooxidation and biodegradation (11). Microorganisms, especially bacteria, play an important role in the biodegradation of the spilled oil (28). However, the growth of oil-degrading bacteria in seawater and the resulting biodegradation of oil in seawater are limited by nutritional requirements (2, 3). Addition of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers has been shown to enhance the biodegradation of oil released in a marine environment (21,38,43).Oil is a complex mixture made up of hundreds of compounds, and these compounds are classified into four groups, namely, saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (12). Aromatics are the second most abundant hydrocarbons in crude oil. Benzene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene and their alkylsubstituted derivatives represent typical aromatics (47). Although the biodegradation of such simple aromatics as benzene, toluenes, xylenes, naphthalene, and phenanthrene has been extensively characterized (19), the biodegradation of alkyl-substituted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has scarcely bee...

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Bacteria Belonging to the Genus Cycloclasticus Play a Primary Role in the Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Released in a Marine Environment

Kasai

Kishira

Harayama

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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218

121

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“…This strain was isolated from Kamaishi Bay seawater and closely related to Alcanivorax borkumensis, the type strain of the genus Alcanivorax (31). This strain grew on BSM medium (8) supplemented with 1 g of n-octadecylcyclohexane (compound 1 in Fig. 1), n-nonadecylcyclohexane (compound 2), n-undecylbenzene (compound b in Fig.…”

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“…The residues of each dichloromethane extract were methylated with a boron trifluoride-methanol solution (Supelco) prior to an analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analysis was performed as described previously (8,9).…”

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Biodegradation of n -Alkylcycloalkanes and n -Alkylbenzenes via New Pathways in Alcanivorax sp. Strain MBIC 4326

Dutta¹,

Harayama²

2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Very little is known on the abundance of cycloalkanes present in fossil fuels. However, in weathered Arabian light crude oil, a 36% (w/w) fraction was found to contain saturate compounds only (Dutta & Harayama 2001c), of which, the content of long-side-chain cycloalkanes in the C 35 and C 50 range was found to be approximately double the amount of aliphatics in that range, as determined by laser desorption timeof-flight mass spectrometry (Dutta & Harayama 2001b).…”

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confidence: 95%

Origin, occurrence, and biodegradation of long-side-chain alkyl compounds in the environment: a review

Dutta

2005

Environ Geochem Health

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Long-side-chain alkyl compounds, such as those present in oil and oil products, either of natural or of anthropogenic origin or released by industrial activities, are a ubiquitous group of chemicals in the environment. Among them, long-side-chain alkylmonocycloalkanes, alkylbenzenes, and alkyl organic sulfur compounds are largely found in fossil fuels while long-side-chain alkylbenzene sulfonates and alkylphenols are released into the environment primarily due to domestic activities. The present article briefly summarizes the advances that have occurred in this field in terms of the identity, abundance, possible origin and significance of these long-side-chain alkyl compounds found in the environment. In addition, the susceptibility to biodegradation and the fate of these chemicals in the environment are discussed.

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Analysis of Long-Side-Chain Alkylaromatics in Crude Oil for Evaluation of Their Fate in the Environment

Cited by 62 publications

References 36 publications

Bacteria Belonging to the Genus Cycloclasticus Play a Primary Role in the Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Released in a Marine Environment

Bacteria Belonging to the Genus Cycloclasticus Play a Primary Role in the Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Released in a Marine Environment

Biodegradation of n -Alkylcycloalkanes and n -Alkylbenzenes via New Pathways in Alcanivorax sp. Strain MBIC 4326

Origin, occurrence, and biodegradation of long-side-chain alkyl compounds in the environment: a review

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