Analysis of linewidth and extinction ratio in directly modulated lasers for performance optimization in 10Gbit/s CWDM systems

Campos, Carmina del Río; Horche, Paloma R.; Martín-Mínguez, A.

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2010.03.066

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The average crosstalk [ 50 ] of the channels is about −11.49 dB and the average extinction ratio [ 51 ] is around 16.18 dB. The loss of the device mostly comes from insertion loss, because the photonic crystals reflect and scatter a part of the energy when the photonic edge states are excited along the boundary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Channel Frequency Router Based on an Optimization Algorithm and Dispersion Engineering

Yuan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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Integrated frequency routers, which can guide light with different frequencies to different output ports, are an important kind of nanophotonic device. However, frequency routers with both a compact size and multiple channels are difficult to realize, which limits the application of these frequency routers in nanophotonics. Here, a kind of bandgap optimization algorithm, which consists of the finite element method and topology optimization, is proposed to design a multi-channel frequency router. Channels supporting photonic edge states with different frequencies are built through the synthetic dimension of translational deformation. Due to the help of the developed optimization algorithms, the number of channels and output ports can be increased up to nine while maintaining ultracompact device size. The device operates within a working band of 0.585–0.665 c/a, corresponding to 1.504–1.709 μm when the lattice constant is set as 1 μm, covering the telecom wavelength of 1.55 μm. The average crosstalk is about −11.49 dB. The average extinction ratio is around 16.18 dB. Because the bus of the device can be regarded as a part of a topological rainbow, the results show that the structure is robust to fabrication errors. This method is general, which can be used for different materials and different frequency ranges. The all-dielectric planar configuration of our router is compact, robust, and easy to integrate, providing a new method for on-chip multi-channel broadband information processing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Channel Frequency Router Based on an Optimization Algorithm and Dispersion Engineering

Yuan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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“…Although most of these previous studies focused on the impact of laser chirp on the system performance, there is still room for a more in-depth investigation into the influence of laser design and structure parameters (α-factor and ε) on the frequency chirp and its effects on the fiber length, especially at a high modulation bit rates. In addition, it is important to study on the influence of these laser parameters on the shifting of the output wavelength away from the actual laser wavelength, which is a critical issue in WDM system performance avoiding the channel interference (del Río Campos & Horche, 2008del Río Campos et al, 2010). This article presents a review on the effect of laser parameters such as linewidth enhancement factor and nonlinear optical gain suppression on the chirping characteristics of directly modulated LDs under high transmission bit rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the chirping characteristics of directly modulated laser diodes under high transmission speeds in optical fiber networks

Fouad,

Mahmoud,

Mohamed

2024

Laser Innovations for Research and Applications

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Optical fiber networks are considered an attractive solution for increasing data transmission rates in communication systems. Laser diodes (LDs) are common light sources used to transform electrical signals into optical ones in optical fiber systems. The direct modulation of LDs is preferred as a data transmission technique to decrease power consumption and reduce the overall system cost. However, direct intensity modulation of LDs causes a time variation in the lasing frequency (i.e., frequency modulation). The interdependence between intensity and frequency modulation is referred to as "frequency chirp". We present a review on the effect of laser parameters such as linewidth enhancement factor and nonlinear optical gain suppression on the chirping characteristics of directly modulated LDs under high transmission speeds.

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“…Currently, there is a growing interest using coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) in cost‐sensitive metro and access optical links because of their potentially low cost and using directly modulated lasers when compared with dense wavelength division multiplexing. These characteristics make them a very attractive option in the design of optical system networks [1, 2]. This technology uses all or part of the 1270 to 1610 nm wavelength range with an optical channel separation of about 20 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of lensed fiber collimator to miniature CWDM filter device

Lin

2011

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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are formed strongly on both side of the patch antenna, which means that this frequency depends on the three stubs and horizontal size of the patch antenna. The normalized radiation patterns of the antenna are shown in Figure 6. At 218, 338, and 400 GHz, the half-power beamwidths of the co-polarization were 144.0 , 122.4 , and 118.6 in E-plane and 88.3 , 71.3 , and 62.2 in H-plane, respectively. Cross-polarization at all frequencies is less than À10 dB. Gain is 1.61, 1.08, and 4.68 dBi and directivity is a 6.29, 6.92, and 7.43 dBi, respectively. Radiation efficiency is 34, 26, and 53%, respectively. The patch antennas rely on fringing fields for radiation and its efficiency is strongly dependent on the patch size to the dielectric layer thickness ratio [3]. The performances of the proposed antenna are summarized in Table 2. It is important to note that the directivity of the proposed patch antenna was improved by 1.79 dBi at all frequencies compared to a previous study used differential patch antenna [12]. CONCLUSIONSThe performance of the multiband THz antenna is successfully demonstrated using a finite-difference time-domain method. The antenna was designed by using stubs and slot-type SRR, which make it possible to detect multi-frequencies with a small-sized antenna. The proposed antenna was proven to meet the requirements for THz CMOS multiband camera design by reviewing return loss, À3dB impedance bandwidth, half-power beamwidth, and antenna gain at the selected three-bands of 218, 338, and 400 GHz, respectively.Fully integrated with CMOS detector element compatible to implement a large array at low cost, the proposed miniaturized multiband on-chip antenna is expected to be actively used for real-time multi-frequency imaging systems in THz band.

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Analysis of linewidth and extinction ratio in directly modulated lasers for performance optimization in 10Gbit/s CWDM systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

A Multi-Channel Frequency Router Based on an Optimization Algorithm and Dispersion Engineering

A Multi-Channel Frequency Router Based on an Optimization Algorithm and Dispersion Engineering

Review on the chirping characteristics of directly modulated laser diodes under high transmission speeds in optical fiber networks

Application of lensed fiber collimator to miniature CWDM filter device

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