Analysis of lines of mice selected on fat content: 4. Correlated responses in growth and reproduction

Hastings, Ian M.; Yang, Jianyi; Hill, William G.

doi:10.1017/s0016672300030007

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This may have arisen as a result of a repartition of growth away from lean and into fat. The similar magnitude of main effects and interactions on both body weight and lean mass are in agreement with previous analyses showing that the two traits had high phenotypic and genetic correlations (both over 0-9, Beniwal et al 1992*) and that the amount of fat in the carcass could be genetically altered with little effect on the underlying lean mass (Hastings et al 1991).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The role of growth hormone in lines of mice divergently selected on body weight

Hastings¹,

Bootland²,

Hill³

1993

Genet. Res.

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An understanding of the physiological and genetic changes which determine the response to selection is critical for both evolutionary theory and to assess the application of new molecular techniques to commercial animal breeding. We investigated an aspect of physiology, growth hormone (GH) metabolism, which might a priori have been expected to play a large part in the response of mouse lines selected for high or low body weight. Disruption of endogenous GH or addition of exogenous GH had similar proportionate effects on body weight in both lines of mice (although differences in body composition arose) suggesting that neither the production of GH nor receptor sensitivity to GH had been altered as a result of selection. This supports a 'pleiotropic model' of the response to selection: that many genes with diverse metabolic roles all contribute to the divergent phenotype. This result has significant commercial implications as it suggests that artificial selection, transgenic technology and environmental manipulation may be synergistic rather than antagonistic strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The role of growth hormone in lines of mice divergently selected on body weight

Hastings¹,

Bootland²,

Hill³

1993

Genet. Res.

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“…(1984). In contrast, responses in the F lines, selected from the same base for fatness, have shown little change in reproductive performance (Brien et al, 1984;Hastings et a!., 1991), confirming that responses were associated with body weight change. The correlated responses were very small after about generation 25, however.…”

Section: Generationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Estimation of changes in genetic parameters in selected lines of mice using REML with an animal model. 2. Body weight, body composition and litter size

et al. 1992

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Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) with an animal model was used to estimate genetic parameters of body weight, body consumption and litter size of lines of mice selected for 20 generations on an index of lean mass at 10 weeks in males, highly correlated with body weight, and for a further 18 generations on body weight at 10 weeks in males and females. Univariate and multivariate estimates of heritability were about 0.5 and those of common environment correlations were about 0.25 for both body weight and composition. Body weight and fat pad weight had genetic and phenotypic correlations of about 0.5. The heritability estimate of litter size was about 0.15 from univariate analysis, rather lower from multivariate, and the estimate of its genetic correlation with body weight was about 0.25. There were reductions in heritability of both body weight and litter size in later generations, even though full pedigrees were fitted and inferences made to the base population, but a plateau in response to selection for increased body weight could not be explained by a complete attenuation of genetic variance.

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“…After 40 generations of relaxed selection, the lines differed in total body fat percentage by about 5%, or two-fold, at 10 weeks of age (F 10.8%, L 5.5%; predicted from dry matter content, data not shown). Results are not available at later ages on the relaxed lines, but after 10 weeks of age, aggregation of fat is continuous in the F but negligible in the L selected lines [15]. Therefore this 5% divergence is likely to increase in absolute terms with age, suggesting there was little regression in total body fat proportion over the period of relaxed selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of response to 20 generations of selection for body composition in mice: fit to infinitesimal model assumptions

2000

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-Data were analysed from a divergent selection experiment for an indicator of body composition in the mouse, the ratio of gonadal fat pad to body weight (GFPR). Lines were selected for 20 generations for fat (F), lean (L) or were unselected (C), with three replicates of each. Selection was within full-sib families, 16 families per replicate for the first seven generations, eight subsequently. At generation 20, GFPR in the F lines was twice and in the L lines half that of C. A log transformation removed both asymmetry of response and heterogeneity of variance among lines, and so was used throughout. Estimates of genetic variance and heritability (approximately 50%) obtained using REML with an animal model were very similar, whether estimated from the first few generations of selection, or from all 20 generations, or from late generations having fitted pedigree. The estimates were also similar when estimated from selected or control lines. Estimates from REML also agreed with estimates of realised heritability. The results all accord with expectations under the infinitesimal model, despite the four-fold changes in mean. Relaxed selection lines, derived from generation 20, showed little regression in fatness after 40 generations without selection. Les données provenant d'un programme de sélection divergente ontété analysées pour un indicateur de la composition corporelle des souris : la proportion de tissus adipeux gonadal par rapport au poids corporel (GFPR). Trois répliques de chacune des lignées ontété sélectionnées pendant 20 générations pour l'engraissement (F), la minceur (L), ou non sélectionnées. La sélection fut réalisée dans des familles de pleinfrères, 16 familles par réplique durant les sept premières générations et huit pour les suivantes. A la vingtième génération, le GFPR des lignées (F) et (L)étaient respectivement le double et la moitié de celui de (C). Une transformation logarithmique * Correspondence and reprints E-mail: Victor.Martinez@ed.ac.uk 4 V. Martinez et al.permet de supprimer l'asymétrie de la réponse et l'hétérogénéité des variances entre ces deux lignées. Les estimateurs de la variance génétique et de l'héritabilité (approximativement de 50 %) obtenus par le REML avec un modèle animal sont semblablesà ceux obtenus en utilisant les premières générations de sélection, les 20 générations de sélection ou les dernières en employant l'information sur le pedigree jusqu'à la population de base. De plus, en utilisant les lignées sélectionnées et les lignées de contrôle, les estimateurs sont similaires. Les estimations REML sont conformesà celles de l'héritabilité. Tous les résultats sont conformesà ceux attendus sous un modèle infinitésimal malgré une variation de quatre fois la moyenne. Les lignées soumisesà une pression de sélection plus faibleà la vingtième génération, montrent peu de diminution en engraissement après 40 générations sans sélection.sélection / modèle infinitésimal / variance génétique / composition corporelle / souris

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Analysis of lines of mice selected on fat content: 4. Correlated responses in growth and reproduction

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

The role of growth hormone in lines of mice divergently selected on body weight

The role of growth hormone in lines of mice divergently selected on body weight

Estimation of changes in genetic parameters in selected lines of mice using REML with an animal model. 2. Body weight, body composition and litter size

Analysis of response to 20 generations of selection for body composition in mice: fit to infinitesimal model assumptions

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