Analysis of Lightning-Radiated Electromagnetic Fields in the Vicinity of Lossy Ground

Shoory, A.; Moini, R.; Sadeghi, S.H.H.; Rakov, Vladimir A.

doi:10.1109/temc.2004.842104

Cited by 100 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The limits of validity of the CR formula have been studied by Cooray [2002Cooray [ , 2008Cooray [ , 2010 and by Shoory et al [2005] (and will be discussed later in this section). The time domain counterparts of the CR formula were derived by Caligaris et al [2008] and Andreotti et al [2015].…”

Section: 1002/2015jd023245mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that Cooray [2009] has investigated the influence of ground conductivity in the range from 0.1 mS/m to 10 mS/m on azimuthal magnetic field and its time derivative at distances from 10 m to 1 km and shown that the influence is significant. Shoory et al [2005] have used a nearly exact formula for horizontal electric field above lossy ground to compute waveforms of horizontal electric field at a height of 20 m above ground of σ = 40 mS/m and ε r = 8 at r = 200 m, 500 m, 50 km, and 100 km and compared their results with those computed using the CR formula. The rising part of horizontal electric field at r = 50 and 100 km, computed using the Shoory et al's formula, is considerably less steep than that computed using the CR formula, and the magnitude is smaller: about 65% at r = 50 km and about 60% at r = 100 km.…”

Section: Barbosa and Paulinomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of approximate expressions in both frequency and time domains have been used [e.g., Cooray and Lundquist, 1983;Cooray, 1992Cooray, , 2002Rubinstein, 1996;Shoory et al, 2005;Barbosa and Paulino, 2007] to account for the field propagation effects. Recently, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method [Yee, 1966] for solving Maxwell's equations has been used in studying lightning electromagnetic pulses (LEMPs) at close and far distances with the propagation path being over lossy ground [e.g., Baba and Rakov, 2014].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FDTD simulation of LEMP propagation over lossy ground: Influence of distance, ground conductivity, and source parameters

2015

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We have computed lightning electromagnetic pulses (LEMPs), including the azimuthal magnetic field H φ , vertical electric field E z , and horizontal (radial) electric field E h that propagated over 5 to 200 km of flat lossy ground, using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method in the 2-D cylindrical coordinate system. This is the first systematic full-wave study of LEMP propagation effects based on a realistic return-stroke model and including the complete return-stroke frequency range. Influences of the return-stroke wavefront speed (ranging from c/2 to c, where c is the speed of light), current risetime (ranging from 0.5 to 5 μs), and ground conductivity (ranging from 0.1 mS/m to ∞) on H φ , E z , and E h have been investigated. Also, the FDTD-computed waveforms of E h have been compared with the corresponding ones computed using the Cooray-Rubinstein formula. Peaks of H φ , E z , and E h are nearly proportional to the return-stroke wavefront speed. The peak of E h decreases with increasing current risetime, while those of H φ and E z are only slightly influenced by it. The peaks of H φ and E z are essentially independent of the ground conductivity at a distance of 5 km. Beyond this distance, they appreciably decrease relative to the perfectly conducting ground case, and the decrease is stronger for lower ground conductivity values. The peak of E h increases with decreasing ground conductivity. The computed E h /E z is consistent with measurements of Thomson et al. (1988). The observed decrease of E z peak and increase of E z risetime due to propagation over 200 km of Florida soil are reasonably well reproduced by the FDTD simulation with ground conductivity of 1 mS/m.

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Section: 1002/2015jd023245mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Barbosa and Paulinomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FDTD simulation of LEMP propagation over lossy ground: Influence of distance, ground conductivity, and source parameters

2015

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“…Recently, the application of more sophisticated numerical techniques widely employed in fullMaxwell electromagnetic field analysis (like FDTD and MoM) has been investigated [Yang and Zhou, 2004;Shoory et al, 2005;Baba and Rakov, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning return stroke current radiation in presence of a conducting ground: 1. Theory and numerical evaluation of the electromagnetic fields

2008

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[1] The general theory describing the electromagnetic field radiated by a lightning stroke over a conducting ground is presented in this paper. The derivation of the Green functions necessary to solve the problem is discussed in detail, and the determination of the expressions for the electromagnetic field components is carried out in a form that minimizes the final computational costs. A method for the numerical evaluation of the electromagnetic field is then proposed, and it is shown that it can be used starting from any ''engineering model'' representation for the lightning current distribution along the channel. Such method is based on a new efficient evaluation of the so-called Sommerfeld's integrals appearing in the electromagnetic field expressions, without resorting to any kind of approximated formulas for them. The numerical treatment of the Sommerfeld's integrals is characterized by a proper subdivision of the integration domain, the use of the Romberg technique and the determination of a suitable upper bound for the error due to the integral truncation. In the second part of this work it will be shown how the results provided by the developed theory can be used in order to assess the validity of the most common simplified approach for the calculation of the lightning radiation over a lossy ground plane.

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“…The diameter of lightning channel is considered around 0.01 to 0.18 m [16]. Hence, lightning flash is a finite length of current carrying thin conductor, which radiates electromagnetic wave [17], [18].…”

Section: Lightning Signal Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Optimized Localized Technique of CG Return Stroke Lightning Channel in Forest

Kabir¹,

Kanesan²,

Reza³

et al. 2015

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-Localization of lightning strike point (LSP) in the forest is modeled to mitigate the forest fire damage. Though forest fire ignited by lightning rarely happens, its damage on the forest is grievousness. Therefore, predicting accurate location of LSP becomes crucial in order to control the forest fire. In this paper, we proposed a new hybrid localization algorithm by combining the received signal strength (RSS) and the received signal strength ratio (RSSR) to improve the accuracy by mitigating the environmental effect of lightning strike location in the forest. The proposed hybrid algorithm employs antenna theory (AT) model of cloud-to-ground (CG) return stroke lightning channel to forecast the location of the lightning strike. The obtained results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm achieves better location accuracy compared to the existing RSS method for predicting the lightning strike location considering additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) environment.

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Analysis of Lightning-Radiated Electromagnetic Fields in the Vicinity of Lossy Ground

Cited by 100 publications

References 39 publications

FDTD simulation of LEMP propagation over lossy ground: Influence of distance, ground conductivity, and source parameters

FDTD simulation of LEMP propagation over lossy ground: Influence of distance, ground conductivity, and source parameters

Lightning return stroke current radiation in presence of a conducting ground: 1. Theory and numerical evaluation of the electromagnetic fields

A New Optimized Localized Technique of CG Return Stroke Lightning Channel in Forest

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