Analysis of light absorption and photosynthetic activity by
            <i>Isochrysis galbana</i>
            under different light qualities

Li, Yongfu; Liu, Jianguo

doi:10.1111/are.14628

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The high fucoxanthin content of the microalgae I. galbana compared to N. oceanica may explain the decreased absorption intensity of these wavelengths (500-580 nm) and, therefore, the enhanced use of the PAR in this range in monoculture. The use of green light by the strain Isochyrsis galbana has already been shown in literature; Li and Liu (2020) [57] reported an increase in the photosynthetic efficiency by using green light, indicating that green light promoted the photosynthesis of the strain Isochrysis galbana.…”

Section: Phototrophic Co-cultivation Of I Galbana and M Gaditana Usin...mentioning

confidence: 69%

Photoautotrophic Production of Docosahexaenoic Acid- and Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Enriched Biomass by Co-Culturing Golden-Brown and Green Microalgae

Thurn,

Schobel,

Weuster-Botz

2024

Fermentation

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Marine microalgae offer a sustainable alternative source for the human diet’s essential omega-3-fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5). However, none of them can produce DHA and EPA in a nutritionally balanced ratio of 1:1. As shown recently, the phototrophic co-cultivation of the golden-brown microalgae Tisochrysis lutea (DHA producer) with the green microalgae Microchloropsis salina (EPA producer) can provide microalgae biomass with a balanced DHA-to-EPA ratio with increased productivity compared to monocultures. This study evaluates whether other golden-brown (Isochrysis galbana) and green microalgae (Nannochloropsis oceanica, Microchloropsis gaditana) can enable the phototrophic batch production of omega-3 fatty acids in a nutritionally balanced ratio in co-culture. All co-cultivations applying a physically dynamic climate simulation of a repeated sunny summer day in Australia in LED-illuminated flat-plate gas lift photobioreactors resulted in increased biomass concentrations compared to their respective monocultures, achieving balanced DHA-to-EPA ratios of almost 1:1. Using urea instead of nitrate as a nitrogen source increased the EPA content by up to 80% in all co-cultures. Light spectra measurements on the light-adverted side of the photobioreactor showed that increased biomass concentrations in co-cultures could have been related to enhanced light use due to the utilization of different wavelengths of the two microalgae strains, especially with the use of green light (500–580 nm) primarily by golden-brown microalgae (I. galbana) and orange light (600–620 nm) predominantly used by green microalgae (N. oceanica). Phototrophic co-cultivation processes thus promise higher areal biomass yields if microalgae are combined with complimentary light-harvesting features.

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Section: Phototrophic Co-cultivation Of I Galbana and M Gaditana Usin...mentioning

confidence: 69%

Photoautotrophic Production of Docosahexaenoic Acid- and Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Enriched Biomass by Co-Culturing Golden-Brown and Green Microalgae

Thurn,

Schobel,

Weuster-Botz

2024

Fermentation

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“…Since light provides the energy source for autotrophic growth, it is essential for the majority of microalgae. Irradiance and light quality both influence the growth of cultured microalgae through photosynthesis [14,73,74]. From an ecological and physiological perspective, the various pigments found in microalgae show differences in the capacity of algae to use light with various spectral compositions for photosynthesis and to adapt to various lighting regimes [14,[75][76][77][78][79].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantity and Quality of Light on Growth and Pigment Content of Dunaliella sp. and Anabaena sp. Cultures and the Use of Their Absorption Spectra as a Proxy Method for Assessment

Hotos

2023

JMSE

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(1) Background: As microalgae cultures are affected by the quantity and quality of light, I explored this for two species. Additionally, I introduced a novel easy and economical way for the growers to easily and economically ascertain continuously with satisfactory accuracy the quantitative and qualitative status of their culture using absorption spectra. (2) Methods: The locally isolated chlorophyte Dunaliella sp. and the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. were cultured in small volumes with two intensities of white light (2000 and 8000 lux) and with green, blue and red light, and the increase in their biomass and pigments was studied. Pigment analyses, continuous recordings of absorption spectra and calibration curves were used. (3) Results: The intensity of 8000 lux of white light yielded the highest increase in biomass, chlorophylls and carotenoids in Dunaliella sp., and the same was found for green and blue light, while 2000 lux and green light caused the greatest increase in biomass and phycocyanin in Anabaena sp. From the absorption spectra, the evolution of the pigment content can be estimated, and both pigments and biomass are correlated very strongly with those extracted from the spectra absorption of 750 nm. (4) Conclusions: The use of absorption spectra as an easy, fast and economical method can be a useful tool for a good approximation of the state of the microalgae culture. This is clearly shown when the spectra of the cultures under different light intensities and colors are compared having a catalytic effect on the level of the pigments leading to the increase in carotenoids and phycocyanin of the green light.

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“…out-competing Chlorella vulgaris by better biomass growth ( Lee, Seo et al, 2019 ). Also, the Haptophyta Isochrysis galbana showed an increase in photosynthetic efficiency at green light, which was associated with a light absorption close to that for cells cultivated at white light ( Li and Liu 2020 ). The penetration of the light is physically influenced by cell density, the length of the light path, and light intensity leading to more efficient absorption and conversion into biomass production under green light at high cell density, long light path and high light intensities ( Ooms, Dinh et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Green Light Acclimation of the Green Algae Picochlorum sp. Triggering Geranylgeranylated Chlorophylls

Paper

Glemser

Haack

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In analogy to higher plants, eukaryotic microalgae are thought to be incapable of utilizing green light for growth, due to the “green gap” in the absorbance profiles of their photosynthetic pigments. This study demonstrates, that the marine chlorophyte Picochlorum sp. is able to grow efficiently under green light emitting diode (LED) illumination. Picochlorum sp. growth and pigment profiles under blue, red, green and white LED illumination (light intensity: 50–200 μmol m−2 s−1) in bottom-lightened shake flask cultures were evaluated. Green light-treated cultures showed a prolonged initial growth lag phase of one to 2 days, which was subsequently compensated to obtain comparable biomass yields to red and white light controls (approx. 0.8 gDW L−1). Interestingly, growth and final biomass yields of the green light-treated sample were higher than under blue light with equivalent illumination energies. Further, pigment analysis indicated, that during green light illumination, Picochlorum sp. formed unknown pigments (X1-X4). Pigment concentrations increased with illumination intensity and were most abundant during the exponential growth phase. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance data indicated, that pigments X1-X2 and X3-X4 are derivatives of chlorophyll b and a, which harbor C=C bonds in the phytol side chain similar to geranylgeranylated chlorophylls. Thus, for the first time, the natural accumulation of large pools (approx. 12 mg gDW−1) of chlorophyll intermediates with incomplete hydrogenation of their phytyl chains is demonstrated for algae under monochromatic green light (Peak λ 510 nm, full width at half maximum 91 nm). The ability to utilize green light offers competitive advantages for enhancing biomass production, particularly under conditions of dense cultures, long light pathways and high light intensity. Green light acclimation for an eukaryotic microalgae in conjunction with the formation of new aberrant geranylgeranylated chlorophylls and high efficiency of growth rates are novel for eukaryotic microalgae. Illumination with green light could enhance productivity in industrial processes and trigger the formation of new metabolites–thus, underlying mechanisms require further investigation.

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Analysis of light absorption and photosynthetic activity by Isochrysis galbana under different light qualities

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

Photoautotrophic Production of Docosahexaenoic Acid- and Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Enriched Biomass by Co-Culturing Golden-Brown and Green Microalgae

Photoautotrophic Production of Docosahexaenoic Acid- and Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Enriched Biomass by Co-Culturing Golden-Brown and Green Microalgae

Quantity and Quality of Light on Growth and Pigment Content of Dunaliella sp. and Anabaena sp. Cultures and the Use of Their Absorption Spectra as a Proxy Method for Assessment

Efficient Green Light Acclimation of the Green Algae Picochlorum sp. Triggering Geranylgeranylated Chlorophylls

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