Analysis of Latency Performance of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Networks

Cho, Keuchul; Park, Woojin; Hong, Manpyo; Park, Gisu; Cho, Wooseong; Seo, Jihoon; Han, Kijun

doi:10.3390/s150100059

Cited by 84 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Besides our proposed theory, this model is the only one which predicts upper bounds (for T a < d s , only). Further, we have considered the predicted mean latencies of the model by Cho et al [27], [28] and the accelerated simulation model by Kindt et al [26], with ∆ = 93.12 s and = 0.99 into this comparison. Figure 11.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Results Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbor Discovery Latency in BLE-Like Protocols

Kindt

Saur

Balszun

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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Neighbor discovery is the procedure using which two wireless devices initiate a first contact. In low power ad-hoc networks, radios are duty-cycled and the latency until a packet meets a reception phase of another device is determined by a random process. Most research considers slotted protocols, in which the points in time for reception are temporally coupled to beacon transmissions. In contrast, many recent protocols, such as ANT/ANT+ and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) use a slotless, periodic-interval based scheme for neighbor discovery. Here, one device periodically broadcasts packets, whereas the other device periodically listens to the channel. Both periods are independent from each other and drawn over continuous time. Such protocols provide 3 degrees of freedom (viz., the intervals for advertising and scanning and the duration of each scan phase). Though billions of existing BLE devices rely on these protocols, neither their expected latencies nor beneficial configurations with good latency-duty-cycle relations are known. Parametrizations for the participating devices are usually determined based on a "good guess". In this paper, we for the first time present a mathematical theory which can compute the neighbor discovery latencies for all possible parametrizations. Further, our theory shows that upper bounds on the latency can be guaranteed for all parametrizations, except for a finite number of singularities. Therefore, slotless, periodic interval-based protocols can be used in applications with deterministic latency demands, which have been reserved for slotted protocols until now. Our proposed theory can be used for analyzing the neighbor discovery latencies, for tweaking protocol parameters and for developing new protocols. arXiv:1509.04366v4 [cs.NI] 18 Aug 2017Maximum deviation (max(|dcomp − dsim|)) for mean/maximum latencies dcomp, dsimComputed/Simulated latency

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Section: Discussion Of the Results Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbor Discovery Latency in BLE-Like Protocols

Kindt

Saur

Balszun

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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“…Communication noise is not included in the calculations. According to [14], the probability P of meeting these two conditions can be expressed by…”

Section: Connection Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Bluetooth Low Energy communication efficiency by presetting protocol parameters

Hatvani¹,

Macko²

2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Standard protocols are important regarding the compatibility of devices provided by different vendors. However, specific applications have various requirements and do not always need all features offered by standard protocols, making them inefficient. This paper focuses on standard Bluetooth Low Energy modifications, reducing control overhead for the intended healthcare application. Specifically, the connection establishment, device pairing, and connection parameter negotiations have been targeted. The simulation-based experiments showed over 20 times reduction of control-overhead time preceding a data transmission. It does not just directly increase the energy efficiency of communication; it also prolongs the time for sensor-based end devices to spend in an energy-saving mode. The result is a longer runtime of such sensor devices powered by batteries.

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“…Bluetooth 4.0 includes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol, and Classic Bluetooth protocol. BLE is a short-range wireless communication technology aiming at low-cost and low-power communication [5]. It is intended to provide reduced power consumption while maintaining a similar communication range.…”

Section: Principle Of Blood Pressure Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of a Multiple Channel Blood Pressure Signal Transmitting Based on Bluetooth Technology

He¹,

Wang²,

Du³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Applied Science and Engineering Innovation

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Recent technological advancements have led to the production of microcontroller with wireless communication functions, which enable the integration of physiological data collection, data processing, and data transmitting. Blood pressure is an important physiological indicator which should be measured continuously in some case. In this article, we bring forward an architecture including pressure measure based on a fiber optic sensor, data transmitting using Bluetooth technology, and data collection using a Bluetooth-Ethernet gateway running protocol process software. Particularly, a control chip CC2540 was used to run the Bluetooth protocol and to make the data transmitting, a module based on W5100 chip was used to realize TCP/IP protocol. The blood pressure data was finally send to a database server through the Ethernet interface, to make further analysis and data mining.

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Analysis of Latency Performance of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Networks

Cited by 84 publications

References 8 publications

Neighbor Discovery Latency in BLE-Like Protocols

Neighbor Discovery Latency in BLE-Like Protocols

Increasing Bluetooth Low Energy communication efficiency by presetting protocol parameters

Architecture of a Multiple Channel Blood Pressure Signal Transmitting Based on Bluetooth Technology

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