Analysis of land use/land cover change and erosion hazard levels in the social forestry area of KPH Ulubila, South Sulawesi Indonesia

Abstract

Changes in land use/land cover are part of the dynamics of nature, both changes caused by natural disasters and human activities. The need for land by humans encourages the acceleration of land cover change, especially from forests to non-forests. The rate of change in land cover will affect the hydrological state so that the land becomes very critical. One of the things that causes land to become critical is erosion. One of the policies carried out to reduce the rate of change in land cover, reduction of erosion area and empowerment of communities around forests is the Social Forestry program. Social forestry refers to any forest utilization activity by the community in providing products for their own use or generating local income. The case study in this study is the social forestry of KPH Ulubila. The results of the analysis in 2013 and 2022 showed that the highest decline in the agricultural/crop land class with an area of 87.96 ha or equivalent to 89.20% and secondary second forest was 681.86 ha or equivalent to 27.50% of the area of social forestry. In other classes, there was an increase in agricultural land, namely in the plantation class of 267.83 ha or 467.19%, agricultural mixed of 160.73 ha or 7.20% and paddy area of 25.31 or 18.42%. In the condition of plantation forests, there was an increase of 35.43%, shrubland of 23.05% and open land of 400.94%. The rate of change in land cover has affected the magnitude of the change in the extent of erosion. This change leads to poor conditions because the area of the very low (<15 tons / ha / year) decreases by 45.94% and low (15-60 tons / ha / year) 2.19%. The addition was actually seen in the very heavy (>480 tons/ha/year) 21.57%, moderate (60-180 tons/ha/year) 28.29% and heavy (180-480 tons/ha/year) 6.45%.