Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows including data on environmental temperatures and humidity

Cabezón, F. A.; Schinckel, A. P.; Richert, B. T.; Stewart, Kara R; Gandarillas, Mónica; Peralta, W. A.

doi:10.15232/pas.2015-01495

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“… Shurson and Irvin (1992) found DFIs of 2.23, 3.41, 3.72, and 3.92 kg/d for Duroc sows and DFIs of 3.37, 4.83, 5.09 and 4.67 kg/d for Landrace sows from weeks 1 to 4. Cabezón et al (2016) reported mean DFI's of 5.24, 6.50, 7.12 and 7.39 kg for d 1 to 5, 6 to 11, 12 to 16 and 16 to 21 of lactation. The DFI's in this trial with genetically improved crossbred sows was substantially greater than the purebred sows of Shurson and Irwin (1992) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of a random effect for C or K allows increased flexibility in fitting the between sow variance in the shape of the lactation curves. An alternative is to estimate the value for a random effect such as c i or k i as linear function of the random effect for DFI A or DFI 0 (dfi 0i or dfi Ai ; Cabezón et al, 2016 ). For example, the value for ki could be estimated based on its overall linear relationship with another random effect such as k i = b 1 dfi Ai or k i = b 2 dfi 0i .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The required dietary content of digestible amino acids and other nutrients is based on the sow's daily feed intakes (DFI). Currently there is limited data on the DFI's of sows to 28 d of lactation; most recent studies with DFI records had 21 d lactation lengths ( Schinckel et al, 2010 ; Cabezón et al, 2016 ). The objectives of this research were to quantify and model daily lactation feed intakes to 28 d of lactation in modern sows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows with extended lactation lengths

Cabezón

Schinckel

León

et al. 2017

Translational Animal Science

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The objectives of this research were to quantify and model daily feed intakes to 28 d of lactation in modern sows. A total of 4,512 daily feed intake (DFI) records were collected for 156 Hypor sows from February 2015 to March 2016. The mean lactation length was 27.9 ± 2.0 d. The data included 9 parity 1, 33 parity 2 and 114 parity 3+ sows. Data were collected using a computerized feeding system (Gestal Solo, JYGA Technologies, Quebec, Canada). The feeding system was used to set an upper limit to DFI for the first 7 d of lactation. Overall, the least-squares means of a model including the random effect of sow indicated that DFI's continued to slowly increase to 28 d of lactation. The DFI data were fitted to Generalized Michaelis-Menten (GMM) and polynomial functions of day of lactation (t). The GMM function [DFIi,t (kg/d) = DFI0 + (DFIA − DFI0)(t/K)C/[1 + (t/K)C]] was fitted with 2 random effects for DFI (dfiAi) and intercept (dfi0i) using the NLMIXED procedure in SAS®. The polynomial function DFIi,t (kg/d) = [B0 + B1 t + B2 t2 + B3 t3 + B4 t4] was fitted with three random effects for B0, B1, and B2 using the MIXED procedure in SAS®. Fixed effects models of the two functions had similar Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC) values and mean predicted DFI's. The polynomial function with 3 random effects provided a better fit to the data based on R2 30 (0.81 versus 0.79), AIC (14,709 versus 15,158) and RSD (1.204 versus 1.321) values than the GMM function with two random effects. The random effect for B2 in the polynomial function allowed for the fitting of the function to lactation records that had decreased DFI after 15 d of lactation. The random effects for the polynomial function were used to sort the lactation records into three groups based on the derivative of the function at 21 d of lactation. Lactation records of the three groups had similar DFI the first two weeks of lactation (P > 0.40). The three groups of sows had substantially different DFI's after 18 d of lactation (P < 0.028). The differences in both actual and predicted DFI's between the three groups increased with each day of lactation to day 28 (P < 0.001). Mixed model polynomial functions can be used to identify sows with different patterns of DFI after 15 d of lactation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows with extended lactation lengths

Cabezón

Schinckel

León

et al. 2017

Translational Animal Science

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“…However, Cabezón et al [11] reported an increase in feed intake when 0.3% of betaine hydrochloride (70.7% betaine) was added to diets of lactating sows, specifically in parity 2 sows. In another study, Cabezón et al [22] reported increased feed intake in parity 1 and 2 sows when betaine was supplemented at 0.3% as betaine hydrochloride, but feed intake was not affected by betaine in parity 3 to 5 or parity 6+ sows. In a metaanalysis, Sales [23] reported a mean effect side (Hedges's g) of − 0.155 (95% confidence interval was − 0.352 to 0.043) indicating a negative association of feed intake and betaine supplementation in finishing pigs; however, data showed a substantial amount of heterogeneity, indicating that responses between studies were highly variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sow performance in response to natural betaine fed during lactation and post-weaning during summer and non-summer months

Mendoza

Boyd

Remus

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background: Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary natural betaine on sow reproductive performance during summer (Exp. 1) and non-summer months (Exp. 2). Treatments were designed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with factors including dietary betaine (0 or 0.2%) and period of supplementation (lactation or post-weaning until 35 days post-insemination). In Exp. 1, 322 and 327 sows and in Exp. 2, 300 and 327 sows representing young (parity 1 and 2) and mature (parity 3 to 6) sows, respectively, were used. Results: In Exp. 1, supplementation of betaine during lactation increased sow body weight losses (− 11.95 vs. −14.63 kg; P = 0.024), reduced feed intake (4.12 vs. 4.28 kg/d; P = 0.052), and tended to reduce percentage of no-value pigs (P = 0.071). Betaine fed post-weaning reduced weaning-to-estrus interval (5.75 vs. 6.68 days; P = 0.054) and farrowing rate (86.74% vs. 91.36%; P = 0.060), regardless of parity group. Post-hoc analysis with sows clustered into 3 parity groups (1, 2 and 3, and 4+) indicated that betaine fed in lactation to parity 4+ sows (P = 0.026) and betaine fed post-weaning to parity 1 sows increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle (P ≤ 0.05). In Exp. 2, betaine fed during lactation tended to reduce the weaning-to-estrus interval (6.64 vs. 7.50 days; P = 0.077) and farrowing rate (88.23% vs. 83.54%; P = 0.089), regardless of parity group. Feeding betaine post-weaning reduced number of pigs born (13.00 vs. 13.64; P = 0.04) and pigs born alive (12.30 vs. 12.82; P = 0.075), regardless of parity group. Conclusions: Using 0.2% betaine during the non-summer months did not benefit sow performance. During the summer, betaine supplementation in lactation increased subsequent litter size in parity 4+ sows. Betaine fed during the post-weaning period reduced the wean-to-estrus interval and farrowing rate, increased total number of pigs born for parity 1 sows and reduced total number of pigs born to parity 4+ sows. Further research is needed to determine if the detrimental effects on feed intake and farrowing rate may be correlated and depend on dietary betaine level.

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“…This is most probably due to the increased environmental temperatures during summer leading to a reduction in feed intake by both the gilts and sows (Bergsma & Hermesch, 2012;Cabezon et al, 2016;Koketsu, Dial, Pettigrew, & Marsh, 1996;Lewis & Bunter, 2011). Therefore, it would certainly be recommended that cooling systems (e.g., evaporative cooling systems) are introduced during gestation to help ensure the intake of necessary nutrients and energy by each female.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior, Displacement and Pregnancy Loss in Pigs under an Electronic Sow Feeder

Iida¹,

Piñeiro²,

Koketsu³

2017

JAS

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Our objective was to characterize eating behavior associated with displacement hazard and subsequent performance for pigs were fed in static groups by an electronic sow feeder (ESF). Data included weekly eating records and subsequent farrowing records of 685 pigs. The eating behavior comprised weekly averages of daily feed dispensed (ADFD) and daily total time spent in the feeding stations (TTSF). A displacement female was defined as a pig removed from her group for health reasons. A multivariate model and piecewise exponential models were fitted to the records. Means (inter-quartile ranges) of ADFD and TTSF were 2.4 kg (2.1-2.8 kg) and 9.3 min (7.5-10.8 min), respectively. Gilts had less ADFD than sows during gestational weeks 5-13 (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in TTSF between gilts and sows in gestational weeks 5-8 and 11-13 (P > 0.05). Also, gilts had higher displacement hazard than parity 2 or higher sows in gestational weeks 8-10 (P < 0.05). Pigs that were entered into the ESF system during summer had less ADFD, and shorter TTSF from gestational weeks 5 to 12 than those entered during the other seasons (P < 0.05). The TTSF varied between two genotypes during gestational weeks 5-7 (P < 0.05). Also, a higher displacement hazard was associated with less ADFD (P < 0.01). A higher hazard of pregnancy loss was associated with shorter TTSF (P < 0.01). In conclusion, we recommend that both ADFD and TTSF should be measured in ESF systems to help identity females having problems.

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Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows including data on environmental temperatures and humidity

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows with extended lactation lengths

Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows with extended lactation lengths

Sow performance in response to natural betaine fed during lactation and post-weaning during summer and non-summer months

Behavior, Displacement and Pregnancy Loss in Pigs under an Electronic Sow Feeder

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