Analysis of Intact Tissue with <sup>31</sup>P NMR

Ct, Burt; Cohen, S. M.; Bárány, Michael

doi:10.1146/annurev.bb.08.060179.000245

Cited by 132 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The current version of MRS has, over the past five decades, evolved from a technique (originally known as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or NMR spectroscopy) used in chemistry to determine the structure of molecules to a method with which to probe the metabolism of cells, tissues, intact animals, and humans. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Many of these applications involved acquiring 31 P spectra to assess the bioenergetics of the cells, tissues, or organs being studied. These studies required using additional radiofrequency (RF) hardware.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Magnetic Resonance Neurospectroscopy

Rosen

Lenkinski

2007

Neurotherapeutics

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Summary:Over the past two decades, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (proton MRS) of the brain has made the transition from research tool to a clinically useful modality. In this review, we first describe the localization methods currently used in MRS studies of the brain and discuss the technical and practical factors that determine the applicability of the methods to particular clinical studies. We also describe each of the resonances detected by localized solvent-suppressed proton MRS of the brain and discuss the metabolic and biochemical information that can be derived from an analysis of their concentrations. We discuss spectral quantitation and summarize the reproducibility of both single-voxel and multivoxel methods at 1.5 and 3-4 T. We have selected three clinical neurologic applications in which there has been a consensus as to the diagnostic value of MRS and summarize the information relevant to clinical applications. Finally, we speculate about some of the potential technical developments, either in progress or in the future, that may lead to improvements in the performance of proton MRS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Magnetic Resonance Neurospectroscopy

Rosen

Lenkinski

2007

Neurotherapeutics

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“…To estimate the detection limit for other isotopes, simply divide 0.01 mM by the sensitivity or receptivity and by φ. This calculation does not take into account effects of the spin-lattice relaxation time (T 1 ), spin-spin relaxation time (T 2 ), and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) on the intensity (9). Optimal S/N ratios are obtained for spectra in which the interval between scans is less than the 4 T 1 required for complete relaxation of the nuclei before the next pulse.…”

Section: Sensitivity and Time Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] and rearranging yields Eq. [9]: [9] In an NMR experiment, all frequencies are reported in a dimensionless frequency, the chemical shift, δ. The chemical shift value for compound S, δ S , is defined as in Eq [10] [10]…”

Section: Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In SituNMR Systems

Shanks

2001

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

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In situ NMR is becoming an established technology for applications in bioprocessing and metabolic engineering. The in situ NMR biosensor acts as a noninvasive pH, ion, and concentration meter, with 31 P and 13 C as the two main isotopes of study. A substantial data base now exists for phosphorus and carbon spectra of bacteria and yeast. In situ NMR can provide many of the state variables needed for modeling glycolytic pathway function. NMR micro-reactor technology has improved significantly in the last decade. Several designs for immobilized cell reactors have been tested, and in particular, considerable gains have been made in the feasibility of studying aerobic, chemostat cultures with in situ NMR. Acquisition of 31 P spectra from cell suspensions of 3-5% v/v under controlled conditions can be made in 3 -7 minute time resolution in several systems.

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“…31p NMR of muscle [1,2] was the frontrunner of a large number of studies on intact tissue by the non-destructive NMR technique [3][4][5][6][7]. Application of laC NMR to muscle came somewhat later; in the proton decoupled, natural abundance laC spectra of mouse muscle at 25.2 MHz, Fung observed 3 peaks which centered around 30,130 and 175 ppm (from tetramethylsilane) and were assigned to aliphatic, aromatic and carbonyl carbons, respectively [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%