Analysis of Infection Characteristics and Antiparasite Immune Responses in Resistant Compared with Susceptible Hosts

Mitchell, Graham F.; Anders, Robin F.; Brown, Graham V.; Handman, Emanuela; Roberts‐Thomson, Ian C.; Chapman, Colin; Forsyth, Karen P.; Kahl, Lesley; Cruise, Kathy M

doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1982.tb00376.x

Cited by 93 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 199 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…Cells responsible for DTH responses have been shown to be important in protection of mice from leishmania infection and genetic differences underlying DTH responses to this parasite have been found (for review, see Mitchell et al, 1982). BALB/c mice were shown both to be more susceptible to disease and to exhibit lower DTH responses to the antigen than CBA or C57BL/6 mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Responses to Murine Cytomegalovirus in Genetically Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Mice

Lawson

Grundy

Shellam

1987

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThe delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response in mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) was measured by ear swelling following a challenge with heat-treated MCMV. DTH was dose-dependent and could be detected as early as 3 days post-infection with peak responses occurring between days 15 and 21 postinfection. The DTH response was found to be specific for MCMV since it could not be elicited by either herpes simplex virus type 1 or influenza A virus in MCMV-primed mice. The elicited DTH response was greater in mice primed with attenuated compared with virulent MCMV. The DTH response was shown to correlate positively with the genetically determined resistance status of mouse strains to this virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Responses to Murine Cytomegalovirus in Genetically Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Mice

Lawson

Grundy

Shellam

1987

Journal of General Virology

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“…They form a tight clade with various other strains not yet assessed for resistance to H. bakeri (Tsang et al 2005 ;Sakai et al 2005). However, despite their close ancestry, SJL and SWR mice differ in one fundamental aspect of their response to intestinal nematodes : SWR produce the classic mastocystosis, but SJL mice do not and little, if any, parasite-specific IgE (Mitchell et al 1982 ;Watanabe et al 1993 ;Ben-Smith et al 2003). Therefore, if the mast cell and IgE responses are one mechanism for expulsion of adult worms, clearly SJL accomplish this by an alternative effector mechanism, possibly through an intense nitric-oxide response in the gut mucosa as suggested by BenSmith et al (2003).…”

Section: G E N E T I C S O F T H E H O S T R E S P O N S E T O C H R mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cypess et al (1977) reported on a hybrid strain (LAF1) able to clear up to 50 % of adult worms by 3 weeks after infection, and Prowse et al (1979) and Mitchell et al (1982) identified the inbred SJL strain as one that removes adult worm infections rapidly, in contrast to other mouse strains. Then the SWR strain was discovered, and in dramatic contrast to all other popular strains, these two (SJL and SWR) were shown to be able to reject worms within just 8 weeks of inoculation with infective larvae ).…”

Section: G E N E T I C S O F T H E H O S T R E S P O N S E T O C H R mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heligmosomoides bakeri: a model for exploring the biology and genetics of resistance to chronic gastrointestinal nematode infections

2009

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. The intestinal nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri has undergone 2 name changes during the last 4 decades. Originally, the name conferred on the organism in the early 20th century was Nematospiroides dubius, but this was dropped in favour of Heligmosomoides polygyrus, and then more recently H. bakeri, to distinguish it from a closely related parasite commonly found in wood mice in Europe. H. bakeri typically causes long-lasting infections in mice and in this respect it has been an invaluable laboratory model of chronic intestinal nematode infections. Resistance to H. bakeri is a dominant trait and is controlled by genes both within and outside the MHC. More recently, a significant QTL has been identified on chromosome 1, although the identity of the underlying genes is not yet known. Other QTL for resistance traits and for the accompanying immune responses were also defined, indicating that resistance to H. bakeri is a highly polygenic phenomenon. Hence marker-assisted breeding programmes aiming to improve resistance to GI nematodes in breeds of domestic livestock will need to be highly selective, focussing on genes that confer the greatest proportion of overall genetic resistance, whilst leaving livestock well-equipped genetically to cope with other types of pathogens and preserving important production traits.

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“…Jacobson, Brooks and Cypess, 1982). Adult worms in situ may also be capable of inhibiting the expression of potentially host-protective responses (Hannah, Pritchard and Behnke, 1982;Mitchell et al, 1982). Notwithstanding these points, an inoculum of small numbers of living adult worms injected intraperitoneally (I.P.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistant mouse strains, when given 3 or 4 oral doses of L3 over several weeks, expel their intestinal worm burdens (Cypess and van Zandt, 1973;Cypess et al, 1977;Behnke and Wakelin, 1977) and inhibit establishment or development of larvae (van Zandt, 1961;Panter, 1969). Susceptible mouse strains, on the other hand, accumulate or maintain worms in the intestines and have a reduced capacity to inhibit establishment or development of larvae (the extensive literature on these points and on mouse strain variations in general is reviewed in Mitchell et al, 1982). With the parasite 'isolate' in use in this laboratory, and mice derived from an SPF facility, the extremes of susceptibility/resistance as defined above are represented by female SJL/J (highly resistant) and young male CBA/H and C57BL/6 (highly susceptible) (Prowse and Mitchell, 1980;Mitchell and Prowse, 1979;Mitchell et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VACCINATION OF GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE MICE AGAINST CHRONIC INFECTION WITH NEMATOSPIROIDES DUBIUS USING PERTUSSIGEN AS ADJUVANT

Mitchell

Muñoz

1983

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary The intestinal nematode Nematospiroides dubius persists for prolonged periods in mice after a single oral administration of infective larvae. After multiple administrations of larvae, some inbred mouse strains (termed ‘resistant’) develop the capacity to expel the majority of adult worms from the intestines. Other mouse strains such as CBA/H and C57BL/6 (and, in particular, males) are far more susceptible in that they expel few, if any, adult worms after repeated doses of larvae and may die with high worm burdens. One means to accelerate rejection of adult worms in a primary infection is to presensitize mice with a small number of living adult worms injected intraperitoneally. However, an impressive vaccination effect of ectopically implanted worms has only been demonstrated to date in resistant mouse strains. In this paper, success has been achieved in vaccinating genetically susceptible mice against chronic primary infection with N. dubius. Young male specific pathogen‐free (SPF)‐derived C57BL/6 mice demonstrate >90% resistance after injection of adult worms but only when further injected with pertussigen from Bordetella pertussis as adjuvant. Accelerated rejection of adult worms appears to be the principal manifestation of resistance in vaccinated mice. A high degree of protection has also been obtained in recipients of pertussigen plus the supernatant of a crude worm extract equivalent to <10 adult worms per mouse. Although no information is available on the effector mechanisms responsible for worm rejection in vaccinated mice, pertussigen is known to increase both immediate and delayed type hypersensitivity responses and to increase tissue sensitivity to histamine. A strategy which sensitizes recipients such that a subsequent challenge infection is not sustained, and which is effective in highly susceptible hosts, opens the way to vaccination against chronic intestinal infections in those hosts most in need of protection.

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Analysis of Infection Characteristics and Antiparasite Immune Responses in Resistant Compared with Susceptible Hosts

Cited by 93 publications

References 199 publications

Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Responses to Murine Cytomegalovirus in Genetically Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Mice

Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Responses to Murine Cytomegalovirus in Genetically Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Mice

Heligmosomoides bakeri: a model for exploring the biology and genetics of resistance to chronic gastrointestinal nematode infections

VACCINATION OF GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE MICE AGAINST CHRONIC INFECTION WITH NEMATOSPIROIDES DUBIUS USING PERTUSSIGEN AS ADJUVANT

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