Analysis of HRTEM images for carbon nanostructure quantification

Wal, Randy L. Vander; Tomasek, Aaron J.; Pamphlet, Michael I.; Taylor, Christina D.; Thompson, William K.

doi:10.1007/s11051-004-3724-6

Cited by 179 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Vander Wal and colleagues have reported similar results. 84 It appears likely that the curvature observed in the individual carbon planes is due to the presence of non-hexagonal rings, but that these fullerenic structures do not explain the sphericity of the carbon black particles. Instead, the roundness of the particles is believed to be a consequence of energetics, coupled with surface mass growth via a radical addition mechanism.…”

Section: Structure Of Carbon Black Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives on the Structure of Graphitic Carbons

Harris

2005

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

352

251

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Graphitic forms of carbon are important in a wide variety of applications, ranging from pollution control to composite materials, yet the structure of these carbons at the molecular level is poorly understood. The discovery of fullerenes and fullerene-related structures such as carbon nanotubes has given a new perspective on the structure of solid carbon. This review aims to show how the new knowledge gained as a result of research on fullerene-related carbons can be applied to well-known forms of carbon such as microporous carbon, glassy carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon black.

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Section: Structure Of Carbon Black Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives on the Structure of Graphitic Carbons

Harris

2005

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

352

251

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“…In the HRTEM images, a measure of the physical extent of the atomic carbon layer planes was presented as fringe length, and a value of curvature of the fringes arising from odd numbered five-and seven-membered ring structures was signed as fringe tortuosity [64][65][66][67][68][69]. It was reported that the fringe length and tortuosity obtained from HRTEM images could change with a long exposure time of the electron beam irradiation [70].…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n-Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In this study, the differences of nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of the nascent soot formed in n-heptane/2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) inverse diffusion flames (IDF) with/without influence of magnetic fields were studied, and the effects of DMF-doped and magnetic fields were discussed. Morphology and nanostructures of the soot samples were investigated using high-resolution transmission electron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and the oxidation reactivity characteristics were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyzer. Results demonstrated that both additions of DMF-doped and magnetic fields could promote soot production and modify the soot nanostructure and oxidation reactivity in IDF. Soot production increased along with the increase of DMF-doped. With DMF blends, more clustered soot particles and typical core-shell structures with well-organized fringes were exhibited compared with that formed from the pure n-heptane IDF. With effects of magnetic fields, the precursor formation and the oxidization of soot were promoted, soot production was enhanced. Soot particles became relatively more mature with typical core-shell structure, thicker shell, longer fringe lengths, smaller fringe tortuosity, higher graphitization degree and lower oxidation reactivity. With magnetic force pointed to the central line and the inner direction of IDF under the conditions of N pole and S pole of the magnet facing the flame, oxygen was trapped, having an increased residence time to get more chance to react with the fuel molecules to cause more soot to be yielded and oxidized. That resulted in the soot precursor promotion, soot production enhancement, and soot part-oxidization and graphitization.

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“…The similarities in the distributions of fringe separation distance between F1 and F4, F2 and F3 also verified that the fringe lengths of F1 and F4, F2 and F3 shown in Figure 3 were similar. Tortuosity is the ratio of the actual fringe length to the straight-line distance, which reflects the tortuosity degree of fringes [41]. Image processing software was used to process the HRTEM photos of the nascent particles and the processed results are shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Effects Of Pentanol On the Nanostructure Of Nascent Sootmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tortuosity is the ratio of the actual fringe length to the straight-line distance, which reflects the tortuosity degree of fringes [41]. Image processing software was used to process the HRTEM photos of the nascent particles and the processed results are shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Effects Of Pentanol On the Nanostructure Of Nascent Sootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructure and Oxidation Reactivity of Nascent Soot Particles in Ethylene/Pentanol Flames

Ying

Liu

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:As byproducts of the combustion process of hydrocarbon fuels, soot particles are difficult to remove, and they can greatly harm human health and pollute the environment. Therefore, the formation and growth processes of the soot particles has become a study focus of researchers. In this paper, the nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of carbonaceous particles collected from ethylene inverse diffusion flames with or without the additions of three pentanol isomers (1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2-methyl-1-butanol) were investigated in detail. The nanostructure and oxidation characteristics of nascent soot particles were characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was found that the nascent soot cluster of pure ethylene flame had a loose structure, while the additions of pentanol isomers made the soot agglomerates more compact and delayed the growth of graphitic structures. The pentanol isomer additions also contributed to a higher disorder of the crystallite arrangement in the soot nanostructure. According to the TGA experiments, the results showed that the addition of pentanol isomers enhanced the oxidation reactivity of soot particles, which could help to reduce soot particle emissions.

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Analysis of HRTEM images for carbon nanostructure quantification

Cited by 179 publications

References 29 publications

New Perspectives on the Structure of Graphitic Carbons

New Perspectives on the Structure of Graphitic Carbons

Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n-Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields

Nanostructure and Oxidation Reactivity of Nascent Soot Particles in Ethylene/Pentanol Flames

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