Analysis of HLA-G gene polymorphism and protein expression in invasive breast ductal carcinoma

Research Article Association of HLA-G 14-base pair insertion/deletion polymorphism with breast cancer in Saudi Arabia

“…In this study, women with the del/del genotype were 2-fold more likely to develop BC than those non-homozygous for this allele. In another study conducted in a Brazilian population (80 patients and 191 normal), an association was found between the ins/del genotype and BC occurrence (Ramos et al, 2014). Interestingly, the wild-type ins/ins genotype was absent among Saudi patients, suggesting that the ins allele has a highly protective effect.…”

“…Different results have also been reported regarding the association between the level of expression of HLA-G molecule and BC. While the majority of these studies have reported increased levels of HLA-G in patients (Chen et al, 2010;Eskandari-Nasab et al, 2013;Jeong et al, 2014;Ramos et al, 2014;Zidi et al, 2016), a few studies, however, did not find differences between patients and controls (Palmisano et al, 2002). A recent meta-analysis revealed that the HLA-G 14-bp ins/del polymorphism may contribute to BC susceptibility and overall cancer risk in Asian populations (Ge et al, 2014).…”

Genetic association between HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism and diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Articles included comprised case-control studies involving the HLA-G 3′UTR 14-bp polymorphism and clinical situations/ diseases. Studies were grouped according to clinical characteristics, pathogenesis and immune response as follow: (1) cancer 2 -B-Cell Lymphoma [27], Breast Cancer [28][29][30][31][32], Cervical Cancer [33][34][35][36], Colorectal cancer [37], Esophageal Cancer [38], Hepatocellular Carcinoma [39][40][41], Head and Neck Squamous-Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) [42], Lung Cancer [43], Neuroblastoma [44], Papillary Thyroid Cancer [45] and Prostate Cancer [46]; (2) autoimmune diseases 3 -Hashimoto's Thyroiditis [45], Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis [47], Multiple Sclerosis [48][49][50][51], Non-segmental Vitiligo [52], Pemphigus Vulgaris [53], Rheumatoid Arthritis [47,[54][55][56][57][58], Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (LES) [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] and Type 1 Diabetes [68]…”

Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (HLA-G) Expression in Cancers: Roles in Immune Evasion, Metastasis and Target for Therapy

“…Among these studies, there is a high frequency of tumor cell-surface HLA-G expression with an absence in healthy tissue, and increased sHLA-G levels has been detected in various body fluids in a variety of cancers (14). Expression of HLA-G was found to be correlated with clinical parameters such as more advanced disease stage, tumor metastasis and/or with a worse prognosis in tumor patients, indicating that HLA-G could facilitate tumor immune escape, invasiveness and metastasis; thereby HLA-G expression was found to be associated with advanced clinical stage and disease progression and HLA-G expression was also documented as an unfavorable prognostic factor for many kinds of solid malignancies, including breast cancer (59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64), colorectal cancer (65,66), cervical cancer (67,68), endometrial of allogeneic skin graft survival (52). In an immunocompetent HLA-G1 + M8…”