Analysis of HLA-B Allelic Variation and IFN-γ ELISpot Responses in Patients with Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Associated with Drugs

Haplotype analysis in a 16‐year‐old boy with vancomycin‐induced DRESS syndrome

“…Moreover, it has been suggested that the immune mechanism of many drugs causing DRESS is related to HLA haplotype. An increased frequency of DRESS with allopurinol is seen in Japanese patients with HLA‐B*5801, in Japanese and European patients with HLA‐A*3101 given carbamazepine, and in HIV patients with f HLA‐B*5701 treated with abacavir …”

“…Therefore, HLA analysis before administering medication to an at‐risk group may be a good alternative test. In clinical practice, before the initiation of an antiepileptic drug in select populations, HLA haplotype screening is done to prevent the development of a serious adverse drug reaction . We studied the HLA haplotype analysis of our pediatric patient, who developed DRESS after vancomycin treatment, and his family and compared it to the literature.…”

The 10th International Congress on Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions, Shimane, Japan, 2018: Focus on New Discoveries

“…Some testing options available include an in vivo drug patch test (DPT) and ex vivo interferon (IFN)-ã enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay with lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). The culprit drug may be found by using both DPT and ELISpot tests [19].…”

Nested case–control study investigating the diagnostic role of tissue eosinophilia in adverse cutaneous drug reactions

“…Laboratory findings are non‐specific in ACDRs, although peripheral eosinophilia has been reported in some cases, mainly manifesting with severe cutaneous reaction, need for systemic treatment and longer recovery time . Several in vivo and in vitro assays have been developed to facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of ACDRs . In vivo assays include dechallenge and rechallenge tests with the suspected drug, patch and skin tests .…”

“…19,29 In vitro assays are considered more safe, are based on measuring various immunological parameters following exposure of patients' cells to the culprit drugs and include radioallergosorbent tests (RAST), mast cell degranulation test, lymphocytic transformation test or proliferation test, lymphocyte toxicity assay, macrophage migration inhibitory factor and interferon (IFN)-gamma release test. 24,28,29,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Tissue eosinophilia in skin biopsy is widely regarded as diagnostically supportive of ACDRs. However, tissue eosinophilia is evident in diverse dermatologic conditions (e.g.…”