Analysis of High-Velocity Projectile Penetration Mechanics

Abstract

The process of cratering in materials is described in terms of four phases: transient, primary, secondary, and recovery. Rod projectiles were used in an experimental study of the relative importance of each phase and its influence on final crater dimensions. Aluminum and steel rods with aspect ratios of 1/6 to 25 were impacted into metallic and nonmetallic target materials at impact velocities of 0.3 to 6.7 km/sec. During the primary penetration phase, rod deformation was found to be comparable to that observed for shaped-charge liner collapse, and measured rod penetration rates showed good agreement with rates calculated on the basis of incompressible fluid flow considerations. Empirically developed equations are presented for predicting crater penetration and volume in metal targets.

Point of impact: the effect of size and speed on puncture mechanics

“…This is similar to how sharpness of a cutting tool focuses energy into a smaller area during cutting, increasing the stress (for a similar discussion of the relationship between projectile energy and impact crater volume in metals, see Christman & Gehring [33]). …”

An Overview of Novel Penetrator Technology

“…Wright and Frank (1988) helped to quantitatively describe the makeup of the target resistance. Using the formulation of Christman and Gehring (1966), Frank and Zook (1991) were able to reproduce the experimentally observed effect of length-to-diameter ratio (L/D). Later work by Walker and Anderson (1995) included transient effects in their formulation.…”

Модельный Расчет Высокоскоростного Соударения Тел Различной Формы С Массивными Металлическими Преградами

“…В качестве второго соотношения используем уравне-ние для глубины кратера. Качественной схема процесса соударения была сформулирована еще в 60-х годах прошлого века [7]. В соответствии с этой схемой про-цесс проникания ударника в преграду в общем случае представляет последовательность трех этапов.…”