Analysis of Hemodynamic Effect on Different Stent Strut Configuration in Femoral Popliteal Artery during the Physical and Physiological Conditions

Abstract

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a narrowing of the peripheral arteries that might result in blockage if not immediately treated. Normally, an invasive technique called stenting is used at the stenosed arterial region to restore normal blood flow. Thus, it promotes the formation of thrombosis on the stented artery due to the presenting flow recirculation. However, the rate of thrombosis growth was reported to be different for both genders. This is due to an increase in body surface area, body mass index, and weight of the body. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effect of the physiological and physical conditions of men and women with different hemodynamic parameters on the strut configuration in FPA. Five different stent strut configurations were modelled and inserted into the FPA. The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method was implemented to solve the continuity and N-S equations. The hemodynamic performance of the stent was analyzed based on hemodynamic parameters consisting of time- averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), time-averaged wall shear stress gradient (TAWSSG), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and relative residence time (RRT). According to the observations, the distal region of the stented FPA had more dominant flow re-circulation than the proximal region. The high void area contributed to less growth of the thrombosis.

Numerical Approach for The Evaluation of Hemodynamic Behaviour in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Systematic Review

“…Findings from Ferrarini et al, [31] states that both Newtonian and non-Newtonian models provide almost identical results in both popliteal geometry models, except when the magnitude of the TAWSS is relatively small (<0.4Pa). In this latter case the Newtonian model gives lower values of TAWSS than the non-Newtonian one [15]. Essentially, the Newtonian model is the simplest and most practical approach to evaluate constant viscosity, but it does not completely match the viscosity of blood in nature.…”

“…It is well acknowledged that WSS and related parameters like Wall Shear Stress Temporal Gradient (WSSTG) and Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) play a major role in the progression of femoral artery atherosclerosis [15]. One study on femoral artery showed that the arterial wall compliance had a negligible impact on the local hemodynamics [76].…”

“…[12] Patients with severe PAD and large plaque diameters may be advised to undergo endovascular therapy in addition to taking generic drugs such aspirin, clopidogrel, and statins [13]. Patients may be referred to surgeons for open surgical atherectomy intervention or for invasive procedures like angioplasty and stenting [6,14,15]. Generally, there are two methods of endovascular therapy i.e., invasive and non-invasive techniques.…”

Investigation of Digestion Processes in the Stomach and Duodenum using Computational Fluid Dynamics Model

“…Therefore, it is very important to develop non-invasive approaches for research tasks [17]. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have a number of advantages: saving time and resources for research, the ability to control input parameters, evaluate and predict process characteristics at any point in the computational domain [18][19][20][21][22][23]. One of the first models of the stomach created on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to study the role of peristaltic waves in the antrum [24,25].…”