Analysis of Gunshot Primer Residue Collection Swabs Using Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry: A Reexamination of Extraction and Instrument Procedures

Koons, Robert D.; Havekost, Donald G.; Peters, C. A.

doi:10.1520/jfs12397j

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Based on the distance to the different centroid of groups, ashes Tz-443, Tz-444, Tz-445, and Tz-447 can be assigned to group A, while ash HPC611 can be assigned to group C (Table 2. This result also confirmed the previous study that none of the clays can be grouped with pottery directly [4]. Si, 31 P, 33 S, 35 Cl, 39 K, 44 Ca, 57 Fe, 60 Ni, 63 Cu, 66 Zn, and 118 Sn) using scanning LA-ICP-MS [72].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Typical operation parameters are shown in Table 2 Sc, 47 Ti, 51 V, 53 Cr, 55 Mn, 59 Co, 60 Ni, 63 Cu, 66 Zn, 69 Ga, 72 Ge, 75 As, 82…”

Section: Instrumental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the IAEA method was followed since the reference material IAEA-086 was used to assess the analysis method. Al, 47 Ti, 53 Cr, 55 Mn, 56 Fe, 59 Co, 60 Ni, 63 Cu, 66 Zn, 75 As, 82 Se, 89Y a , 95 Mo,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forensic, Archaeological and Related Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Zhang¹

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Forensic, Archaeological and Related Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Xinya Zhang Inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a powerful analytical instrument that can be applied to multiple disciplines for trace elements detection. In the first stage of this research, ICP-MS was used to group archaeological pottery sherds based on the compositional information obtained. Provenience of the pottery was evaluated using multivariate analysis. Results were compared with those obtained on the same data set using neutron activation analysis (NAA). It was found that the groups generated in this study were comparable to the previous ones, and more details within groups were observed. In the second stage of this research, ICP-MS was applied to a current forensic problem, the characterization of gunshot residue (GSR). The technique was found to be useful in comparison between shooters and non-shooters using inorganic GSR, mainly antimony, barium, and lead. Not only is the concentration on shooter's hand higher, but also the dominant element is different from nonshooters. Lead isotope ratio can be determined by ICP-MS and assist in the differentiation of handguns and ammunitions. Two handguns and four ammunitions used in this study were differentiated by the biplot of mean of lead isotope ratio 208/206 against lead concentration. In the final stage of this research, ICP-MS was used to determine the concentration of inorganic elements in hair collected from mining and control areas. This work was done in concert with the Department of Community Medicine at the WVU Health Sciences Center. A unique aspect of this work was the extremely small sample size available for analysis. The results showed a depletion of chromium, manganese and iron, and an enrichment of aluminum, zinc, and arsenic in samples from mining area. Similar patterns of elemental concentration were also found in mining versus control areas and cancer versus non-cancer groups. iii Dedication To my parents (Daoli Zhang and Junlan Ding), my husband (Zhongyuan Zha), and to all who have helped me along the way.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Typical operation parameters are shown in Table 2 Sc, 47 Ti, 51 V, 53 Cr, 55 Mn, 59 Co, 60 Ni, 63 Cu, 66 Zn, 69 Ga, 72 Ge, 75 As, 82…”

Section: Instrumental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forensic, Archaeological and Related Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Zhang¹

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“…Data analysis and organization were performed by importing the calculated concentration data into Microsoft Excel â and converting to actual micrograms of the element per swab by back-calculation of the dilutions. Cutoff values derived from the literature (1,7) and based on our own experiments for positive determinations were set at 0.04 lg of antimony and 0.10 lg or more of barium and lead. Table 1 shows the determinations of the instrumental minimum limit of detection and of quantitation.…”

Section: Instrumental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Background Levels of Antimony, Barium, and Lead on Vehicle Surface Samples by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption

Comanescu

Millett

Kubic

2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Law enforcement agencies routinely sample for gunshot residue (GSR) by bulk techniques and often submit swabs taken from other surfaces besides the hands of the suspect shooter. This study aims to establish the prevalence of antimony, barium, and lead on normally handled automobile surfaces by graphite furnace atomic absorption analysis. No positives were determined on 50 sampled automobile surfaces above cutoff (positive) from background levels. Transfers of GSR particles from shooter hands to automobile surfaces were found to potentially allow for positive GSR determinations, but such transfers seem to be dependent on the shooting conditions and length of GSR exposure. We determined that our bulk analysis method yields an overall 87.94 ± 5.52% extraction efficiency from cotton swabs, while the LOQ determinations strengthening the fact that bulk analysis methods are valid and valuable tools for GSR investigations.

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“…Kütle kromatografisi, gaz kromatografisi, yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi, anodik stripping voltametri, taramalı elektron mikroskopisi, nötron aktivasyon analizi, Geliştirilmiş Griess Testi, Sodyum Rodinozat Testi bu yöntemlerden ilk akla ge lenler arasındadır (3,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Sodyum Rodizonat Testi Atış Artıklarındaki Ağır Metaller İçin Spesifik Bir Test

Üner¹,

Çerkezoğlu²,

Şam³

1997

Bull Leg Med

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ÖZETAtı* artıkları ve atış mesafesi tayininde kullanılan ıııetodlar anlatıldı. Atış artıklarının hedef üzerindeki dağılımlarını etkileyen faktörler açıklandı.Kurşun, antimon, baryum gibi atış artıklarının giysi üzerindeki varlıkları ve dağılımlarının tespiti için Sodyum Rodizonat Testi kullanıldı.Bu yöntemin uygulanışı benzeri yöntemlere nazaran daha kolay ve hassasiyeti de daha yüksektir.A nahtar K elim eler: Sodyum Rodizonat, Ateşli Silah Altıkları, Atış Mesafesi. SUMMARYThe Gunshot ıesidues and the methods for the determination of shooting distance were introduced. The factors may influence the distribution of gunshot residues on a target were explained.The Sodium Rhodizonate Test was used to detect gunshot residues (lead, barium, antimony) and their distribution patterns on garments.The application of this method is much more sensitive and easy compared to the other methods reported.

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Analysis of Gunshot Primer Residue Collection Swabs Using Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry: A Reexamination of Extraction and Instrument Procedures

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Forensic, Archaeological and Related Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Forensic, Archaeological and Related Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

A Study of Background Levels of Antimony, Barium, and Lead on Vehicle Surface Samples by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption

Sodyum Rodizonat Testi Atış Artıklarındaki Ağır Metaller İçin Spesifik Bir Test

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