Analysis of graphene TE surface plasmons in the terahertz regime

Abstract

Unlike common metals, graphene can support transverse electric (TE) surface modes when the imaginary part of its conductivity is negative. We have theoretically investigated and numerically simulated plasmonic properties of graphene TE surface plasmons (SPs) in the terahertz regime. The influence of the external magnetic field, gate voltage and temperature as the tuning schemes of the SPs have been investigated. The results show that graphene TE modes can be realized by tuning the magnetic fields or gate voltage. If the permeability of the dielectrics on both sides of the graphene layer differs enough, the graphene TE modes can still be achieved. The work presented here has the potential for application to graphene-based plasmonic devices in photonics and optoelectronics, such as sensors, polarizers and modulators.

Observation of negative refraction in the graphene/ferrite composite

“…We found that the frequency dependence of the conductivity of graphene revealed the maxima at resonance suggesting strong plasmonic coupling in agreement with the model described in Refs. [27][28][29][30].…”

Graphene surface plasmon polaritons with opposite in-plane electron oscillations along its two surfaces

“…[8][9][10][11] When r g;i < 0, the TM SPPs disappear and, instead, a transverse-electric (TE) surface wave might be present. 7,12,13 In this letter, we predict the existence of a TM SPP mode on graphene, in which the directions of in-plane electron oscillations along two surfaces of graphene are always opposite. As a result, its dispersion equation cannot be directly derived by supposing a graphene interface characterized by the surface conductivity.…”

“…As a result, its dispersion equation cannot be directly derived by supposing a graphene interface characterized by the surface conductivity. [8][9][10][11][12][13] We also derive the guiding condition of this mode, which is very different from that of conventional TM or TE SPPs on graphene. The presented SPPs are of long propagation distances, but weak mode confinements.…”

“…These drawbacks greatly limit the applications of SPPs on the metals. 7 In recent years, a great deal of attention has been attracted to SPPs on graphene, [8][9][10][11][12][13] which are very suitable for optoelectronic applications. [14][15][16][17][18] The complex conductivity of graphene (r g ¼ r g;r þ ir g;i ) can be well tuned by varying its chemical potential via gate voltage, electric field, magnetic field, and chemical doping.…”

Active substrate integrated terahertz waveguide using periodic graphene stack

“…[12][13][14][15][16][17] Moreover, 1-D graphene periodic structures and metallic-dielectric structures have attracted considerable attention in the literature, 18,19 which points out new opportunities in the field of metamaterial, photonic crystal, and surface plasmons. [20][21][22][23] To realizing the concept of true active waveguide, we propose an alternative method by tuning the dielectric property of periodic graphene stack to change the mode propagation constant of electromagnetic (EM) wave. We devise a configuration involving two rows of circular periodic graphene stack cylinders, instead of the metallic hole array and lumped component, so that the proposed SIW can operate over a large tunable range in the THz regime and provide a new platform to integrate all THz devices.…”