Analysis of gold and silver nanoparticles internalized by zebrafish (Danio rerio) using single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Quantification of particulate Ag in rainbow trout organs following dietary exposure to silver nitrate, or two forms of engineered silver nanoparticles

“…6,7 However, the little data that exists on fish is in selected tissues (e.g. gill, liver and intestine 8 ), and those studies, so far, have not been intended to identify the main target organs for particles. The only data available on accumulation is based on total metal concentrations, where dietary exposure to equal concentrations of Ag, as AgNO 3 or Ag NPs, showed the same target organs for all materials.…”

Determination of metallic nanoparticles in biological samples by single particle ICP-MS: a systematic review from sample collection to analysis

“… 52 Zhou, et al 50 digested clam and oyster samples containing Au ENMs and achieved high recoveries for both alkaline- and enzyme-based approaches (96% and 104% respectively); however, the alkaline digestion method was favoured for being faster and more effective. Sung, et al 53 successfully digested fish liver samples containing Au and Ag ENMs using both enzyme and alkaline based digestion methods, however the higher recovery (102% vs. 74%) with the alkaline method made it preferable over an enzyme-based approach. Loeschner, et al 43 came to a similar conclusion when digesting rat spleens containing Au ENMs, where it was found that a four-fold higher recovery was achieved with an alkaline method over the enzyme approach.…”

Analytical applications of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: a comprehensive and critical review

“…198 In the case of mussels, Gallochio et al 203 suggested the in vivo formation of TiO 2 nanoparticles after their exposure to both ionic and particulate titanium. Zebra fish 204,205 and trout 54 have also been used as target species for ecotoxicological studies with Ag, Au, TiO 2 and CeO 2 nanoparticles. The bioaccumulation of these nanoparticles was assessed by analysing different organs of the fishes (liver, intestine, gills, brain) by SP-ICP-MS after their digestion with TMAH or proteinase K. Rats has been used extensively as model mammals for the toxicity assessment of nanomaterials.…”